Abstract:  Forensic institutes are the organizer and the platform of forensic appraisal activities, which have a direct influence on the achievement of objective forensic appraisal and the access to justice. It is an important task to learn the basic characteristics of forensic institutes and establish forensic institutes rationally. Based on a comparative analysis of forensic institutes in representative countries, characters and legal status of forensic institutes are further studied, and suggestions on the improvement of forensic management are presented.

Key words:

forensic Institute, comparative analysis, reform on establishment

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摘要： 司法鉴定机构是司法鉴定活动的具体组织者和执业平台，直接影响着司法鉴定结论是否客观、准确，影响着司法公正能否顺利实现。科学把握司法鉴定机构的基本特征，合理设置司法鉴定机构，是司法鉴定管理制度建设的重要课题之一。通过比较研究世界一些代表性国家司法鉴定机构的情况并予借鉴，进一步正确认识司法鉴定机构的性质及其法律地位，对改革和完善我国司法鉴定机构管理制度提出意见。

关键词:

鉴定机构, 中外比较, 设置改革