主管：中华人民共和国司法部
主办：司法鉴定科学研究院
ISSN 1671-2072  CN 31-1863/N
中国司法鉴定

中国司法鉴定 ›› 2025 ›› Issue (5): 83-95.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2025.05.011

• 专论：司法鉴定地方治理研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

司法鉴定立法改革的实践探索——基于2023年《重庆市司法鉴定条例》的分析

陈如超1，2，3，程    桢4   

  1. 1. 西南政法大学 刑事侦查学院，重庆 401120； 2. 上海市法医学重点实验室 司法部司法鉴定重点实验室，上海 200063； 3. 重庆市高校刑事科学技术重点实验室，重庆 401120； 4. 重庆市司法局 司法鉴定工作管理处，重庆 401147

  • 收稿日期:2024-07-08 出版日期:2025-09-15 发布日期:2025-09-25
  • 作者简介:陈如超（1980—），男，教授，博士，主要从事司法鉴定与网络犯罪侦查研究。E-mail：chrch120@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    2024 年度上海市法医学重点实验室暨司法部司法鉴定重点实验室开放课题（KF202423）；2023年度重庆市社会科学规划项目（2023NDYB43）。

An Empirical Study on the Membership Management of “Four Major Categories” in Forensic Appraisal Associations: Perspectives from S Municipality Forensic Appraisal Association

CHEN Ruchao1,2,3, CHENG Zhen4   

  1. 1. Southwest University of Political Science and Law, School of Criminal Investigation, Chongqing 401120, China; 2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai 200063, China; 3. Chongqing Institute of Higher Education Key Forensic Science Laboratory, Chongqing 401120, China; 4. Chongqing Municipal Bureau of Justice, Appraisal Management Office, Chongqing 401147, China
  • Received:2024-07-08 Published:2025-09-15 Online:2025-09-25

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摘要： 尽管经过多年的制度改革，司法行政机关的鉴定管理实践依然普遍存在一些难题，这些难题亟需通过司法鉴定立法进行改革。2023年新修订的《重庆市司法鉴定条例》对此进行了积极回应，主要表现在合理配置司法行政机关的鉴定管理权、建立司法鉴定机构与司法鉴定人准入的专家评审制度、体系化规范司法鉴定活动尤其是增加了中止鉴定程序、进一步强化司法鉴定机构与司法鉴定人特别是机构负责人法律责任。这些修订方案既展示了《重庆市司法鉴定条例》的地方辨识度，又为已被纳入十四届全国人民代表大会常务委员会立法规划第二类项目中的《司法鉴定法》的制定提供了地方经验。

关键词: 《重庆市司法鉴定条例》, 司法鉴定立法, 《司法鉴定法》

Abstract: Despite years of institutional reforms, judicial administrative authorities still face multiple persistent challenges in the management of forensic appraisal, which necessitate further legislative reforms. The newly revised 2023 Chongqing Municipal Regulations on Forensic Appraisal actively addresses these issues: the rational allocation of appraisal management powers to judicial administrative organs, the establishment of an expert review system for the admission of appraisal institutions and appraisers, the systematic regulation—including the introduction of procedures for suspending appraisals—and the enhanced legal liability of appraisal institutions and appraisers, especially the heads of the institutions. These revisions not only showcase the local innovative approaches of the Chongqing Municipal Regulations on Forensic Appraisal, but also provide valuable practical experience and local reference for the formulation of the national Forensic Appraisal Law, which has been included in the second category of the legislative plan of the 14th National People’s Congress Standing Committee.

Key words: Chongqing Municipal Regulations on Forensic Appraisal, forensic appraisal legislation; Forensic Appraisal Law

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