关键词: 司法鉴定, 因果关系, 人身损害, 标准, 衔接机制

Abstract: The determination of causation in forensic appraisal of personal injury is essentially a process of medical fact-finding that connects with legal value judgment, and its results directly or indirectly influence judicial decisions on personal injury cases. Medical causation focuses on the objective causal link between the harmful outcomes and the injurious act, emphasizing scientific explanation and empirical probability. Legal causation, by contrast, focuses on the reasonableness of attributing liability, highlighting normative choice and value assessment. The currently effective standards in the field of forensic appraisal provide technical norms for causation assessment in different cases, the core of which lies in the scientific evaluation of the underlying objective connections. Meanwhile, it is necessary to consider the boundaries between forensic appraisal and legal judgment and their reasonable coordination. The objectivity of medical evidence should serve as the foundation to avoid legal interference in factual determination, and it is also important to prevent forensic appraisal from substituting judicial adjudication. This paper discusses the layered structure of causation analysis, clarifies the positioning principle for determining factual causation, and proposes mechanisms to optimize the coordination between factual causation and legal evaluation. Additionally, this paper explores the technical support through information-based tools and the role of the expert assistant system, with the aim of achieving an effective integration of scientific rationality and legal values in causation determination.

Key words: forensic appraisal, causation, personal injury, standard, coordination mechanism