关键词: 道路交通事故, 眼损伤, 伤残等级, 法医学评定

Abstract: Provisions regarding eye injuries in GB18667-2002 "Impairment Assessment for the Injured in Road Traffic Accidents"(referred to as the "standard") are doctrinal and unspecific.With the broad application of the "standard",together with the advance of forensic science and ophthalmology,inspection techniques and understandings of the sequela of eye injuries have been greatly improved.The visual acuity chart projector is recommended to test visual acuity instead of the traditional vision chart.The refractive error is required to be rectified after diopter is acquired.Pseudo-blind or blurred vision need to be tested when they are in suspicion,Visual electrophysiological technique is an effective method.Automated perimetry can be applied to examine visual field,and the virtual value of kinetic visual field can be converted to radius(or diameter) of relic visual field.There are some interfering factors in the examination of visual field.Analysis should be closely integrated with primary injury and other inspection results.Binocular obstacles such as diplopia can be tested with synoptophore.Compliance between dysfunction and primary injury should be considered in the test result.When epiphora symptoms are left after lacrimal apparatus injury,the lacrimal duct stenosis or obstruction should be confirmed by appropriate inspection methods.Blepharoptosis and eyelid deformities are divided into mild and severe.Eyelid deformities include incomplete eyelid closure,eyelid defect and eyelid ectropion.Assessment of traumatic cataract affecting vision should be correlated with the relevant provisions.According to the existing "standards",assessment of impairment degree of eye injuries caused by road traffic accidents should perform visual function test,eye structural inspection,pseudo-blind test and visual electrophysiological test.Finally,the assessment should be made by a comprehensive analysis including materials of medical history and past cases.Unitive understanding of the current "standard" and standardizing of test methods and evaluation principles will contribute to the standardization of the assessment of disability for eye injuries in traffic accidents.

Key words: traffic accidents, eye injury, impairment degree, forensic medical assessment