Abstract:  Objective To explore the principle, procedure and characteristics used to identify medical radiographs and image materials in forensic practice. Method 30 cases of forensic identification of medical radiographs and image materials were reviewed. Data of the amount and type of medical radiographs and image materials, the identification characteristics and their categories, and the time interval between projection and examination, were analyzed. Results Thorax X-ray images were the most common materials for identification. There were 33 characteristics which fell into six categories: unique characteristics, bone structure variation or malformation, disease or retrogression, post-traumatic pathological changes, multi consistencies between medical results and normal retrogressions. Conclusion Examining the medical image materials is the prerequisite of accepting a case of forensic identification. The type of materials, the body part and the condition should be taken into consideration when choosing relative characteristics in the comparison and identification. The unique characteristics are always preferred. A comprehensive application of different characteristics is recommended in the forensic practice.

Key words: font-size: 10.5pt, mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt, mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体, mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt, mso-ansi-language: EN-US, mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN, mso-bidi-language: AR-SA" lang="EN-US">forensic clinical medicine, forensic identification, medical radiograph and image material

摘要： 目的 探讨医学影像资料法医学同一认定的鉴定原则、思路及方法。方法 总结华西法医学鉴定中心1992—2012年受理的30例医学影像资料同一认定案例，对影像资料数量、种类，鉴定利用的识别点及其类型、间隔进行回顾性统计分析。结果 胸部X线片为最常见的鉴定资料类型。利用的识别点共有33处、6种类型，包括：自身惟一性特征、骨骼自身结构的变异或发育畸形、疾病或退行性变、创伤后病理变化、医疗后果和正常形态的多处一致。结论 影像资料常规审查是案件受理前提之一，同一认定时结合资料类型、投照部位及案情特点选择相应识别点，自身惟一性识别点最佳，多种类型识别点联合使用，识别点多处表现一致得出肯定结论者可应用于鉴定实践。

关键词: font-size: 10.5pt, mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman', mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman', mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt, mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt, mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman', mso-ansi-language: EN-US, mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN, mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">法医临床学；同一认定；医学影像资料