Abstract:

With the development of traffic inspection techniques, roles of physical evidence examination have become increasingly important in the scene investigation of major traffic accidents and in the detection of escaping vehicle drivers. As an important branch of physical evidence examination, physical marks examination plays an essential role in identifying the accident vehicle. Traffic accident marks, which include marks left by the vehicle, human body and other objects at high speed, have distinctive features from marks in other cases. Their distribution is wide and the violent motion between the maker and the bearer deforms most marks, which increase the difficulty of examination in traffic accidents. Nevertheless, impressed marks made by the specific structure of a vehicle and marks in dust on clothes made by vehicle tires, motorcycles, car baskets and etc. may reflect the external structure of the maker, and lead to the inspection and identification of the responsible vehicle.

Key words: physical mark, motor vehicle, container truck, rear view mirror

摘要：

随着交通事故勘验技术的发展，物证技术在重特大交通事故现场勘验以及侦破交通逃逸案件中发挥的作用越来越重要。痕迹检验技术作为物证技术的一个重要分支，在认定肇事车辆中发挥着举足轻重的作用。交通事故中的痕迹是车辆与车辆、人体、道路等客体在路面上相对高速运动形成的痕迹，相对于其它类型案件有着自己的特点。交通事故中的痕迹分布范围广、造痕体和承痕体相对运动剧烈，形成痕迹的造痕体和承痕体大多都会发生形变。基于交通事故中痕迹形成的这些特点，交通事故中的痕迹检验难度是比较大的。但交通事故中车辆的特殊结构形成的印压痕迹、车辆轮胎、摩托车车篮等造痕体在灰尘等介质作用下在人体的衣服等表面形成的印压痕迹都可以很好反映造痕体的外部结构特征，从这些痕迹反映出造痕体的外部结构特征可以寻找和认定交通肇事车辆。

关键词: 痕迹, 二轮车, 大货车, 后视镜