Abstract:  Joint appraisal is an important method for addressing the “mass-involved” specialized issues that involve multiple professions, appraisal categories, and regions. Compared with comprehensive appraisal, joint appraisal is more in line with the relevant existing regulations in China, and better highlights the new appraisal model of cooperation among multiple appraisal entities. In environmental damage cases, specialized issues are common, complex, and intertwined. The traditional model of appraisal by a single appraisal institution often has problems such as excessive duration and high costs, which seriously affects the choice of forensic appraisal by the case-handling authorities. Just as the “large-scale operation” model is often conducted in handling environmental damage cases, in the field of forensic appraisal of environmental damage, joint appraisal should also be used to address “mass-involved” specialized issues. To fully integrate resources such as talents, equipment, and information from all parties, restrictions on participating entities in joint appraisal should be relaxed, and the participating entities should be determined through selection by the case-handling unit, organization by appraisal industry associations, and other means. In addition, related information should be shared through joint meetings and other means, and consolidated into joint appraisal opinions based on opinions of various stages and regions.

Key words: forensic appraisal of environmental damage, “mass-involved”specialized issue, comprehensive appraisal, joint appraisal

摘要： 联合鉴定是解决涉及多专业、多鉴定类别、多区域等“涉众”专门性问题的重要方法。相较于综合鉴定，联合鉴定更符合我国相关规范的已有用法，也更能突出由多个鉴定主体合作的新鉴定模式。在环境损害类案件中，专门性问题普遍、繁杂且相互交织，由单一鉴定机构进行鉴定的传统模式往往存在周期过长、费用过高等问题，严重影响办案机关对司法鉴定这一路径的选择。办理环境损害类案件时通常以“大兵团作战”模式展开，那么环境损害司法鉴定也应当通过联合鉴定解决“涉众”专门性问题。为充分整合各方人才、设备、信息等资源，应当放宽对参与联合鉴定主体的限制，并通过办案机关选择、鉴定行业协会组织等方式确定参与鉴定主体；还应通过联席会议等方式共享相关信息，并在各阶段性、区域性意见的基础上，整合形成联合鉴定意见。

关键词: 环境损害司法鉴定, “涉众”专门性问题, 综合鉴定, 联合鉴定