Abstract: With the continuous emergence of new technologies such as the Internet of Things, blockchain, big data,and artificial intelligence, crimes committed by means of new technologies have also arisen. The governance of new types of crimes is inseparable from reliance on technical experts. As individuals with specialized knowledge,technical experts mainly undertake work such as inquests and examinations, forensic appraisal, and technical consultations and investigations in assisting criminal investigations. The qualifications, responsibilities, and appointment of technical experts, together with the procedures for their assistance in investigations, directly affect the legal effect of expert-assisted investigations. Although China has established relatively mature legal systems in areas such as inquests and examinations assisted by individuals with specialized knowledge and auxiliary forensic 
appraisal, the increasingly prominent digital and intelligent characteristics of new types of crimes have brought new challenges to the work of technical experts in assisting inquests, examinations, and forensic appraisal. There is an urgent need to respond by improving the existing systems and strengthening legislation in this field. Foreign countries have valuable experience in aspects including expert qualifications, responsibilities, appointment, procedures for assisting investigations, and the legal effect of such assistance. Therefore, examining the expert-assisted investigation systems of foreign countries is of important reference value for improving China’s legislation in this field and regulating expert-assisted investigation practices.

Key words: expert, criminal investigation system, inquest and examination, forensic appraisal

摘要： 随着物联网、区块链、大数据和人工智能等新技术的不断涌现，利用新技术犯罪也随之出现，新型犯罪治理离不开对技术专家的依赖。技术专家作为有专门知识的人，在辅助侦查工作中，主要承担着勘验检查、鉴定和技术咨询与调查等工作，技术专家的资格、责任、选任和辅助侦查的程序等均直接影响着专家辅助侦查的法律效果。我国在有专门知识的人辅助勘验检查、辅助鉴定等领域，尽管已有较为成熟的法律制度，但是随着新型犯罪智能化特点的日益突出，给技术专家辅助勘验检查和辅助鉴定等工作带来了新的挑战，急需通过完善现有制度和加强在该领域立法予以回应。域外国家在专家的资格、责任、选任、辅助侦查的程序和辅助侦查的法律效果等方面有着值得借鉴之处，因此，考察域外国家专家辅助侦查制度对完善我国该领域的立法以及规范专家辅助侦查行为等有着重要的参考价值。

关键词: 专家, 侦查制度, 勘验检查, 司法鉴定