Abstract: In the context of advancing the modernization of national governance and the construction of a rule-of-law China, the development of public legal service systems and reforms in forensic appraisal face the requirements of high-quality development. The value goal of “universal and equal” public legal services and the technical rationality of “scientific and fair” forensic appraisal together form the dual pillars of social justice. From a legal philosophy perspective, Rawls’ theory of procedural justice requires that the allocation of judicial resources must ensure the maximum benefit for the least advantaged, while Habermas’ theory of communicative action emphasizes the need for rational communication among institutional systems to achieve synergy. Currently, with the implementation of the Legal Aid Law and the advancement of the Ministry of Justice’s Three-Year Action Plan for Improving Public Legal Service Standards (2025-2027), the integration of these two aspects has become essential to meet the people’s expectations for substantive justice. However, practical challenges such as institutional barriers, fragmented technical standards, and imbalanced resource distribution remain, necessitating systematic solutions from the perspectives of legal philosophy and interdisciplinary integration.

Key words: forensic appraisal, public legal services, integrated development, interdisciplinary

摘要： 在国家治理现代化与法治中国建设深入推进的背景下，公共法律服务体系建设与司法鉴定制度改革面临高质量发展的时代要求。公共法律服务的“普惠均等”价值目标与司法鉴定的“科学公正”技术理性，共同构成了社会正义实现的二元支柱。从法哲学视角审视，罗尔斯的程序正义理论要求司法资源分配必须保障最不利者的最大利益，而哈贝马斯的交往行为理论则强调制度系统间需通过理性沟通实现协同。当前，随着《法律援助法》的实施与司法部《公共法律服务规范提升三年行动方案（2025—2027年）》的推进，二者融合已成为回应人民群众对实质正义期待的必然。然而，实践中存在体制机制壁垒、技术标准割裂与资源分布失衡等深层次的矛盾，亟需从法哲学基础与跨学科整合层面探索系统性解决方案。

关键词: 司法鉴定, 公共法律服务, 融合发展, 跨学科