Abstract: The concept of competence to stand trail was reviewed and the evaluation criterion for mental patients was discussed. In comparison with foreign countries, the legislation and practice of our country are not very efficient. We suggest that the competence for mental patients be classified into three grades according to our national situation, and that the litigious right of mental patients be taken care of in the law system of assigned defense.

Key words: mental patients, competence to stand trial, classification of three grades, assigned defense

摘要： 本文讨论了受审能力的概念,针对精神病人的特点阐述了受审能力的评定标准,将中外有关此方面的立法和实践进行了对比,指出现阶段我国立法方法的不足之处,提出了根据国情对受审能力实行三分法的设想,并建议指定辩护制度应惠及精神病人以维护他们的诉讼权利。

关键词: 精神病人, 受审能力, 三分法, 指定辩护