主管：中华人民共和国司法部
主办：司法鉴定科学研究院
ISSN 1671-2072  CN 31-1863/N
中国司法鉴定

中国司法鉴定 ›› 2023 ›› Issue (1): 12-21.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2023.01.002

• 专题研讨：司法鉴定立法 • 上一篇    下一篇

制定《司法鉴定法》若干问题思考

孙大明，杜志淳   

  1. 华东政法大学 刑事法学院，上海 200042
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-30 出版日期:2023-01-15 发布日期:2023-01-16
  • 通讯作者: 杜志淳（1954—），男，教授，博士研究生导师，主要从事司法制度与司法鉴定研究。E-mail:duzhichun@ecupl.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:孙大明（1977—），男，主任法医师，博士，主要从事司法鉴定与法医学、医事法研究。E-mail:daming1575@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    司法部法治建设与法学理论研究部级科研项目（22SFB5033）。

Thinking on Some Problems of Enacting the Forensic Appraisal Law

SUN Daming, DU Zhichun   

  1. Criminal Justice College, East China University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai 200042, China
  • Received:2022-06-30 Published:2023-01-15 Online:2023-01-16

PDF

摘要： 我国专门针对司法鉴定领域的法律只有全国人民代表大会常务委员会2005年2月28日通过、2015 年修正的《关于司法鉴定管理问题的决定》。对于推动我国司法鉴定制度改革、完善行业发展体系和提升司法鉴定质量公信力建设起到了重要作用。随着依法治国方略的实施以及司法改革的不断深入，司法鉴定领域的一些瓶颈性问题逐步凸显，如司法鉴定机构、司法鉴定人的准入门槛、登记许可程序不统一，司法鉴定行政管理的双轨制、司法鉴定标准化管理归口冲突、全国性行业组织建设与自律管理机构缺失，司法鉴定公信力缺失等问题。现有司法鉴定法律制度已不能完全适应行业健康发展的需求。对于涉及行政体制改革、司法体制改革、与诉讼法等法律的衔接、保障诉讼参与人的基本权利等方面的问题亟需通过国家法律的形式予以调整。研制出台《司法鉴定法》以提升司法鉴定领域法治化水平迫在眉睫。从立法需求、立法资源、立法难点出发，对司法鉴定国家立法的可行性进行论证，从宏观、中观、微观层面梳理司法鉴定国家立法应当关注的焦点问题，并给予具体建议。

关键词: 《司法鉴定法》, 国家立法, 法治化, 法治中国

Abstract: At present, the only law in the field of forensic appraisal in China is the Decision on the Management of Forensic Appraisal adopted by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on February 28, 2005, and amended in 2015. The law has played an important role in promoting the reform of the forensic appraisal system, perfecting the development system and improving the credibility construction of the quality of forensic appraisal. With the implementation of the rule of law strategy and the deepening of forensic reform, some bottleneck problems in the field of forensic appraisal gradually become prominent, such as the un-unified access threshold of forensic appraisal institutions, appraisers, registration and licensing procedures, the double-track system of forensic appraisal administration, the conflict of affiliation of standardized management of forensic appraisal, the construction of national industry organizations and the lack of self-management institutions, lack of credibility of forensic appraisal, etc. The existing legal system of forensic appraisal can not meet the needs of the healthy development of the industry and the construction of the rule of law in China. It is urgent to adjust the issues concerning administrative system reform, forensic system reform, the connection with procedural law and other laws, and the protection of the basic rights of litigants through national laws. It is urgent to develop and issue the Forensic Appraisal Law to improve the level of legalization in the field of forensic appraisal. The authors demonstrate the feasibility of national legislation regarding forensic appraisal from the perspective of legislative needs, legislative resources and legislative difficulties. The authors also combed out the focus issues that should be paid attention to in the national legislation of forensic appraisal from the macro, meso and micro levels, and proposed specific suggestions.

Key words: Forensic Appraisal Law, national legislation, law-governing, rule of law in China

中图分类号: