关键词:  , 司法鉴定/法庭科学；质量控制；可靠性；能力；方法验证

Abstract: Quality management is widely adopted in the field of forensic science worldwide to enhance the reliability of appraisal opinions. The quality control of forensic science laboratories in China faces multiple institutional constraints, which not only control the quality of appraisal opinions but also constrain, to some extent, the generation of appraisal opinions and the resolution of specialized issues. The fundamental purpose of quality “control” is to promote the admissibility of appraisal opinions. In the process of quality “control”, it is necessary to be vigilant against being trapped in the mold of mechanization and inertia thinking. The quality control of forensic science laboratories in China requires a paradigm shift, returning to the essence of quality control centered on “ability”, supplementing the lack of specific standards with general principles of method validation, and moving towards a more resilient quality control system.

Key words: forensic science, quality control, reliability, competence, method validation