主管:中华人民共和国司法部
主办:司法鉴定科学研究院
ISSN 1671-2072  CN 31-1863/N

中国司法鉴定 ›› 2026 ›› Issue (2): 89-97.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2026.02.011

• 鉴定论坛 • 上一篇    下一篇

医疗事故罪中鉴定意见审查判断问题研究

肖    萍,胡俊杰   

  1. 北京师范大学 法学院
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-09 出版日期:2026-03-15 发布日期:2026-03-25

Research on the Examination and Judgment of Appraisal Opinions in the Medical Malpractice Crime

XIAO Ping, HU Junjie   

  1. Law School, Beijing Normal University
  • Received:2025-04-09 Published:2026-03-15 Online:2026-03-25

摘要: 在医疗事故罪中,作为科学证据而得到广泛应用的鉴定意见在犯罪构成要件等事实认定上发挥着“举足轻重”的作用。然而,在司法实践中,现行的鉴定意见审查机制却偏向于形式化、被动化。“严重不负责任”认定的理论分歧与科学性问题的实质性审查已经成为鉴定意见审查的两大难题,对不同类型鉴定意见的审查也缺乏区分机制。通过提高审查起诉机关的前期审查责任,从审查标准、专业人员、认定模式等角度加强审判阶段实质性审查,在医疗事故罪中“二元化”鉴定机制的基础上区分各类鉴定意见,以期有效突破医疗事故罪中现存的鉴定意见审查困境。

关键词: 医疗事故罪, 科学证据, 鉴定意见, 审查

Abstract: In the medical malpractice crime, appraisal opinions, which are widely used as scientific evidence, play a pivotal role in the determination of facts such as the constitutive elements of the crime. However, in judicial practice, the current mechanism for reviewing appraisal opinions tends to be formalized and passive. The theoretical differences in identifying “seriously irresponsible” and the substantive review of scientific issues have become two major problems in the review of appraisal opinions, and the review of different types of appraisal opinions also lacks a differentiation mechanism. By increasing the responsibility of investigation and prosecution organs for preliminary review, strengthening the substantive review in the trial stage from the perspectives of review standards, professionals, and identification models, and distinguishing between various types of appraisal opinions on the basis of the “dualistic” appraisal mechanism in the medical malpractice crime, it is possible to effectively break through the existing dilemma of reviewing appraisal opinions in this area.

Key words: medical malpractice crime, scientific evidence, appraisal opinion, examination

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