The Potential Value of Virtual Reality Technology in Forensic Clinical Medicine

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2024.03.004

Abstract

Abstract: Virtual reality（VR） technology，characterized by immersion，interactivity，imagination，and high integration，facilitates precise measurement and digital simulation of injuries in forensic clinical medicine，as well as intelligent assessment of visual，auditory，and other biological functions，thus providing more scientific and objective evidence for court trials and compensation. Development of forensic clinical skills training，case teaching，and competency-standardized assessment platforms based on VR can offer new perspectives for professional education，case investigation，and scientific research in forensic clinical medicine. Attaching great importance to the significance of VR technology in forensic clinical medicine and conducting continuous in-depth research will promote the digital and intelligent transformation of forensic identification on living body injury and better serve the strategy of law-based governance.

Key words: forensic clinical medicine；virtual reality（VR） technology；forensic appraisal, virtual teaching

摘要： 虚拟现实技术具有沉浸感、交互性、构想性及高度集成性等特点，有助于法医学损伤精准测量与数字化模拟、视听觉等人体功能的智能化评估，可为法庭审判及损害赔偿提供更科学、更客观的证据。构建基于虚拟现实技术的法医临床学实验技能培训教学平台、鉴定案例教学平台和鉴定能力标准化考核平台，可为法医临床学开展教学、检案及科研的革新提供全新视角。高度重视虚拟现实技术在法医临床学领域的意义并持续深入研究，将推动法医学损伤司法鉴定工作的数字化和智能化转型，更好地为社会主义法治建设服务。

关键词: 法医临床学, 虚拟现实技术, 司法鉴定, 虚拟教学

CLC Number:

DF795.4

XU Luyao, LIU Cong, LIU Zilong. The Potential Value of Virtual Reality Technology in Forensic Clinical Medicine[J]. Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2024(3): 23-31.

徐路遥, 刘聪, 刘子龙. 虚拟现实技术在法医临床学领域的潜在价值[J]. 中国司法鉴定, 2024(3): 23-31.

References

[ 1 ] 赵沁平，周彬，李甲，等. 虚拟现实技术研究进展[J]. 科技导报，2016，34（14）：71-75.
[ 2 ] 杨青，钟书华. 中国虚拟现实技术发展研究：回顾与展望[J]. 科学管理研究，2020，38（5）： 20-26.
[ 3 ] 赵沁平. 抓住机遇，专注创新，发展互联网3.0技术与应用[J]. 科技导报，2023，41（15）：1.
[ 4 ] 杨青，钟书华. 国外“虚拟现实技术发展及演化趋势”研究综述[J]. 自然辩证法通讯，2021，43（3）：97-106.
[ 5 ] PALLAVICINI F，PEPE A，CLERICI M，et al. Virtual reality applications in medicine during the COVID-19 pandemic：Systematic review[J]. JMIR Serious Games，2022，10（4）：e35000.
[ 6 ] TURSØ-FINNICH T，JENSEN R O，JENSEN L X，et al. Virtual reality head-mounted displays in medical education：A systematic review[J]. Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare，2023，18（1）：42-50.
[ 7 ] SUTHERLAND J，BELEC J，SHEIKH A，et al. Applying modern virtual and augmented reality technologies to medical images and models[J]. Journal of Digital Imaging，2019，32（1）：38-53.
[ 8 ] SCHMIDT M W，KÖPPINGER K F，FAN C，et al. Virtual reality simulation in robot-assisted surgery：Meta-analysis of skill transfer and predictability of skill[J]. BJS Open，2021，5（2）：zraa066.
[ 9 ] BAKSHI S K，LIN S R，TING D S W，et al. The era of artificial intelligence and virtual reality：Transforming surgical education in ophthalmology[J]. The British Journal of Ophthalmology，2021，105（10）：1325-1328.
[10] YEUNG A W K，TOSEVSKA A，KLAGER E，et al. Virtual and augmented reality applications in medicine：Analysis of the scientific literature[J]. Journal of Medical Internet Research，2021，23（2）：e25499.
[11] 周亦武，邓伟年，罗桑旦增，等. 法医病理学虚拟仿真教学实验室的建设与展望[J]. 基础医学教育，2019，21（3）：231-234.
[12] 李鼎，毛征生，陈峰. 法医毒物分析虚拟仿真实验平台的构建[J]. 教育教学论坛，2021（29）：57-60.
[13] 罗承良，王祖峰，王涛，等. 法医毒理学课程教学中虚拟仿真实验项目的设计与应用[J]. 文化创新比较研究，2021，5（30）：103-106.
[14] 夏水秀，顾芝亚，李永生. 虚拟现实技术在法医物证实验教学中的应用[J]. 法医学杂志，2019，35（6）：759-761.
[15] SIEBERTH T，DOBAY A，AFFOLTER R，et al. Applying virtual reality in forensics—a virtual scene walkthrough[J]. Forensic Science，Medicine and Pathology，2019，15（1）：41-47.
[16] 王宇聪，朱海标，刘冉，等. 虚拟解剖在法医病理学领域的应用现状[J]. 中国法医学杂志，2020，35（4）：360-368.
[17] EBERT L C，NGUYEN T T，BREITBECK R，et al. The forensic holodeck：An immersive display for forensic crime scene reconstructions[J]. Forensic Science，Medicine，and Pathology，2014，10（4）：623-626.
[18] 邓振华，范飞. 虚拟人类学的回顾与展望[J]. 法医学杂志，2020，36（5）：595-604.
[19] HEDSTRÖM R，WALLINIUS M，SYGEL K，et al. Virtual reality-assisted assessment of paranoid ideation in forensic psychiatric inpatients：A mixed-methods pilot study[J]. Frontiers in Psychology，2023，14：1242243.
[20] SIEBERTH T，EBERT L C，GENTILE S，et al. Clinical forensic height measurements on injured people using a multi camera device for 3D documentation[J]. Forensic Science，Medicine and Pathology，2020，16（4）：586-594.
[21] MICHIENZI R，MEIER S，EBERT L C，et al. Comparison of forensic photo-documentation to a photogrammetric solution using the multi-camera system “Botscan”[J]. Forensic Science International，2018，288：46-52.
[22] MASSINI F，EBERT L，AMPANOZI G，et al. Comparison of superficial wound documentation using 2D forensic photography，3D photogrammetry，Botscan© and VR with real-life examination[J]. Forensic Science，Medicine and Pathology，2021，17（3）：422-430.
[23] 付佳旗，阳紫倩，刘子龙，等. 结构光三维扫描技术测量损伤瘢痕的法医学应用[J]. 法医学杂志，2020，36（3）：311-315.
[24] KOLLER S，EBERT L C，MARTINEZ R M，et al. Using virtual reality for forensic examinations of injuries[J]. Forensic Science International，2019，295：30-35.
[25] 陈忆九. 法医病理数字化新技术的发展及在鉴定实践中的应用[J]. 中国司法鉴定，2016（3）：64-71.
[26] SIEBERTH T，SECKINER D，DOBAY A，et al. The forensic holodeck-recommendations after 8 years of experience for additional equipment to document VR applications[J]. Forensic Science International，2021，329：111092.
[27] ZAMAN N，ONG J，WAISBERG E，et al. Advanced visualization engineering for vision disorders：A clinically focused guide to current technology and future applications[J]. Annals of Biomedical Engineering，2024，52（2）：178-207.
[28] 唐威仪，陈捷敏，王荣荣，等. 虚拟现实技术图像视诱发电位在法医学视力评定中的应用[J]. 法医学杂志，2020，36（6）：762-766.
[29] 郝虹霞，陈捷敏，王荣荣，等. 虚拟现实-图像视觉诱发电位用于客观评定单眼屈光不正视觉损伤的价值[J]. 法医学杂志，2023，39（4）：382-387.
[30] KIMURA T，MATSUMOTO C，NOMOTO H. Comparison of head-mounted perimeter （imo®） and Humphrey Field Analyzer[J]. Clinical Ophthalmology，2019，13：501-513.
[31] VEDAMURTHY I，KNILL D C，HUANG S J，et al. Recovering stereo vision by squashing virtual bugs in a virtual reality environment[J]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B：Biological Sciences，2016，371（1697）：20150264.
[32] ZHENG Y H，LIU C，LAI N Y G，et al. Current development of biosensing technologies towards diagnosis of mental diseases[J]. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology，2023，11：1190211.
[33] KEIGHREY C，FLYNN R，MURRAY S，et al. A QoE evaluation of immersive augmented and virtual reality speech & language assessment applications[C]//Proceedings of the 2017 Ninth International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience （QoMEX）. Washington D.C.，USA：IEEE Press，2017：1-6.
[34] 张耀文，武惠香，李鑫，等. 虚拟现实技术对运动性失语患者的治疗作用[J]. 中国听力语言康复科学杂志，2021，19（2）：128-132.
[35] 范飞，武娟，邓振华. 听力学客观检测技术在法医临床学中的应用进展[J]. 法医学杂志，2023，39（4）：360-366.
[36] NIEDENTHAL S，FREDBORG W，LUNDÉN P，et al. A graspable olfactory display for virtual reality[J]. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies，2023，169：102928.
[37] MANCINI M，CHERUBINO P，CARTOCCI G，et al. Forefront users’ experience evaluation by employing together virtual reality and electroencephalography：A case study on cognitive effects of scents[J]. Brain Sciences，2021，11（2）：256.
[38] DEJACO B，DE JONG L D，VAN GOOR H，et al. The concurrent validity and reliability of virtual reality to measure shoulder flexion and scaption range of motion[J]. Physiotherapy，2023，120：95-102.
[39] 龚星衡. 基于深度相机-虚拟现实设备混合颈椎活动度测量方法[D]. 成都：四川大学，2022.
[40] 刘万阳，李晓欧. 基于虚拟现实的肌电-计算机接口技　术[J]. 生物医学工程研究，2018，37（2）：238-242.
[41] LOHSS R，ODORIZZI M，SANGEUX M，et al. Consequences of virtual reality experience on biomechanical gait parameters in children with cerebral palsy：A scoping review[J]. Developmental Neurorehabilitation，2023，26（6/7）：377-388.
[42] GUMAA M，KHAIRELDIN A，YOUSSEF R A. Validity and reliability of interactive virtual reality in assessing the musculoskeletal system：A systematic review[J]. Curr-ent Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine，2021，14（2）：130-144.
[43] 缪启锋，谭晓辉，兰江维，等. 交通事故法医现场勘验虚拟仿真实验教学项目[J]. 软件，2022，43（1）：32-34.
[44] 张明阳，王祖峰，罗承良，等. 法医临床学虚拟仿真实验教学项目建设与探讨[J]. 教育现代化，2019，6（98）：166-167.
[45] 刘子龙. 法医临床学PBL/CBL教程[M]. 武汉：华中科技大学出版社，2022.
[46] 李丽增，陈传香，阚文宏，等. 关于法医临床学案例库建设的思考与探讨[J]. 医学教育研究与实践，2021，29（3）：418-420.
[47] 宋祥和，丁劲峰，陈霞，等. 司法鉴定技术专业法医临床学信息化教学实践研究[J]. 卫生职业教育，2019，37（23）：48-49.
[48] 洪亮，李怀斌，叶明全，等. 虚拟仿真技术在法医实践教学中的应用研究[J]. 卫生职业教育，2018，36（21）：106-107.

[1]	JIA Yuqing, YAO Chengyu, MAO Ruiming, WANG Tianqi, ZHANG Mengzhou, LIU Jihui, ZHU Baoli, CAO Zhipeng. Advances in the Forensic Pathology of Traumatic Pulmonary Fat Embolism and Its Identification Application [J]. Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2024, 0(4): 49-53.
[2]	SHI Lei, QIU Lirong, LU Ting, TANG Xian’e, XUE Ye, FAN Fei, ZHAN Mengjun, LUO Yupeng, DENG Zhenhua. Foreign Standards and Implications for Physical Disability Assessment [J]. Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2024, 0(4): 65-74.
[3]	MA Wenjing, LIU Fan, ZHAO Liang, LIU Hua, PEI Jingzhe, ZHANG Rui, SHI Wei. Study on the Rapid Imaging Diagnosis of Femoral Neck Fracture by Artificial Intelligence [J]. Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2024, 0(3): 49-54.
[4]	CHEN Huan , SHI Jiusheng. Effect of Recovery Time and Clinical Characteristics on Forensic Disability Assessment of Femoral Neck Fracture [J]. Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2024, 0(2): 61-66.
[5]	DONG Chunhua. Challenges on the Viewpoint on Replacement of Litigation by Forensic Appraisal in Liability of Medical Damages [J]. Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2024, 0(1): 91-98.
[6]	YANG Shuo, XIANG Jiahong, LI Ziyi, XU Linhao, SHI Yan, LIU Wei. Application of Pipette Tip Microextraction in Forensic Toxicological Analysis [J]. Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2023, 0(6): 40-47.
[7]	ZHANG Ping, XU Hui, GAO Jue, JIANG Shihao, ZHANG Zhixiang, SHI Xiaoling. Retrospective Analysis: The Medical Dispute Appraisal of 78 Cases of Sudden Cardiac Death [J]. Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2023, 0(5): 57-63.
[8]	LIU Zhongchong, LI Zhiwei, QIN Miao, LIU Zhaoqin, LIU Fengjie, QIAN Xuejiang, LIU Yuqing. Comparative Analysis of MRI Findings of Mixed Rotator Cuff Tears and Rotator Cuff Lesions [J]. Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2023, 0(4): 52-56.
[9]	YANG Zihao, XIA Ruocheng, WANG Sixian, YANG Guangyuan, TAO Ruiyang, DU Zhichun. Advances in Forensic Research on the Extraction and Analysis of DNA from Skeletal Specimens [J]. Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2023, 0(3): 45-52.
[10]	CUI Xuejun, WANG Longlong, Yeerzhati, WANG Zhimin, ZHAO Dong, WANG Xu. Study on the Estimation of Fracture Formation Time Based on Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry [J]. Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2023, 0(3): 61-65.
[11]	HUANG Ping, ZHANG Ji, ZOU Donghua, LIU Ningguo, LI Zhengdong, WANG Jinming, QIN Zhiqiang, ZHANG Jianhua. Frontiers and Challenges for Digital and Intelligent Technology in Forensic Pathology [J]. Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2023, 0(2): 35-47.
[12]	SUN Limin, WANG Songcai, LIN Xianwen, ZHU Huanhui, LIU Yue, TAN Li. Simultaneous Determination of 12 Cathinones in Blood Samples by Online Solid Phase Extraction Coupled to UPLC-MS/MS [J]. Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2023, 0(2): 55-60.
[13]	LI Qiang, LIANG Yingnan, SHAN Feng, LI Liang. Analysis of 256 Cases of Cervical Vessel Rupture and Its Degree of Injury [J]. Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2023, 0(2): 61-66.
[14]	LIAO Yi, GAO Bodi, ZHAO Xiaomeng, ZHONG Juanfang, ZHANG Qianjun, DU Juan, TAN Yueqiu, LU Guangxiu, LIN Ge, LI Wen, . Genetic Polymorphism of 20 STR Loci in Hunan Han Population [J]. Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2023, 0(2): 67-75.
[15]	TIAN Shengnan, RU Lina, WANG Ziyu. On the Evaluation of Medical Care Duty in Medical Damage Identification [J]. Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2023, 0(2): 100-104.