Abstract: In the field of forensic appraisal, traditional document examination techniques have been questioned for their excessive reliance on personal experience and subjective judgment. With the increasingly stringent standards for evidence, there is an urgent need for more scientific and objective methods for document examination to meet the requirements of the times. Quantitative analysis technology has brought a new perspective to forensic document examination. It integrates theories and methods from statistics, mathematics, computer science, and other disciplines, and adopts probabilistic and data-driven expressions, thus providing a referable paradigm for document examination. Based on clarifying the common logic of quantitative analysis methods used in various document examination techniques, this article combed through the cutting-edge progress and development of six specific fields, including handwriting identification, linguistic recognition, printed document examination and so on. Existing limitations in each field were analyzed and development suggestions were put forward. Moreover, this article discussed the status and prospects of applying artificial intelligence in document examination. The purpose of this article is to provide theoretical support and practical reference for promoting the scientific and intelligent development of document examination.

Key words:  document examination, quantitative analysis, technological progress, common logic

摘要： 在司法鉴定领域，传统的文件检验技术因过于依赖个人经验与主观判断而被质疑。随着证据标准之趋严，亟待有更为科学、客观的文件检验手段出现，以适应时代发展之需。量化分析技术为文件物证检验带来了全新的视角，其融合了统计学、数学、计算机科学等理论与方法，采用概率化、数据化的表达方式，从而为文件检验提供可借鉴的范式。在理顺文件检验各技术手段所用量化检验分析方法共性逻辑的基础上，梳理了笔迹鉴定、言语识别、印刷文件检验等六大具体领域的前沿进展与发展脉络，剖析各领域现存局限并提出靶向性发展建议，同时探讨人工智能在该领域的应用现状与前景，旨在为推动文件检验科学化、智能化发展提供理论支撑与实践参考。

关键词: 文件检验, 量化分析, 技术进展, 共性逻辑