Abstract:

Hallucinogens are a class of psychoactive substances that cause abnormalities in consciousness, perception and vision at low doses, causing hallucinations and mood disorders. Psilocin and psilocybin are tryptamines compounds with hallucinogenic effects, which are present in the hallucinogenic mushrooms of the psilocybe and panaeolus. Currently, the abuse or recreational use of hallucinogenic mushrooms containing the substances is becoming more and more serious, resulting in an increasing number of cases of endangering public safety. Therefore, the identification and prevention of the abuse of hallucinogenic mushrooms is one of the important demands and international hot research issues in the field of judicial identification. This paper summarizes the pharmacology and toxicology, in vivo processes, sample processing methods and analytical methods for psilocin and psilocybin, in order to provide reference for forensic appraisal practice.

Key words:

hallucinogenic mushroom, psilocin and psilocybin, sample preparation, analytical method

摘要：

致幻剂是一类低剂量就使人意识、知觉和视觉异常，引起幻觉和情绪障碍的精神活性物质。赛洛新和赛洛西宾是一类具有致幻作用的色胺类化合物，存在于裸盖伞属和斑褶菇属的致幻蘑菇中。当前滥用及娱乐性使用含此类物质的致幻蘑菇的现象日趋严重，由此引起的危害公共安全案（事）件不断增多。因此，对于致幻蘑菇滥用的鉴定是当前司法鉴定领域的重要需求和国际热点研究问题之一。通过对赛洛新和赛洛西宾的药理毒理、体内过程、检材处理方法和分析检测方法进行了综述，以期为司法鉴定实践提供参考。

关键词:

致幻蘑菇, 赛洛新和赛洛西宾, 样品前处理, 分析方法