Archive

2021 Issue 2 (Total No. 0)
Published: 25 March 2021 Previous Issue    Next Issue
---
Forensic System
Forensic Review
Forensic Science
Forensic Forum
Litigation and Case Report


For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX

Toggle Thumbnails

Forensic System

Select

Perfection of the System of Environmental Damage Forensic Appraisal Fees YANG Cuibai, QIAN Yongtao 2021(2): 1-6.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2021.02.001 Abstract ( )   PDF (901KB) ( )   Forensic appraisal is the key evidence of identification relating to liability and amount of compensation in the trial of environmental cases. Through the analysis of 81 judgements of typical environmental cases published by the Supreme People’s Court, we can find that the phenomenon is widespread where fees charged by forensic appraisal institutions are non-standard, non-public and falsely high, and the high appraisal fee has become a difficult problem for the parties to apply for appraisal or the courts to entrust for appraisal. In order to solve this problem, the environmental protection departments, judicial departments and other relevant departments should clarify the nature of the appraisal fees as soon as possible, establish the principle of appraisal fees bearing, draft  fee standards of environmental damage forensic appraisal. At the same time, establish and improve the financial guarantee mechanism of environmental damage forensic appraisal. Only then can forensic appraisal really become the supporter of environmental protection and ecological restoration. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Standard Construction of Legal Aid System for Forensic Appraisal in China — Research Based on the Legal Aid Provisions of Forensic Appraisal Formulated by 29 Local Governments YIN Shouge, WEI Yuting 2021(2): 7-17.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2021.02.002 Abstract ( )   PDF (1458KB) ( )   The establishment of forensic appraisal legal aid system can help to reduce the economic burden of groups in financial difficult, protect their right to sue, and strengthen the guidance and supervision of judicial appraisal institutions, promote them to undertake certain social responsibilities, so as to maintain social stability and promote forensic justice. Through the analysis of the legal aid regulations for forensic appraisal formulated by some local governments, one can see that they mainly stipulate the subject, mode, category, procedure and financial subsidy of forensic legal aid. However, there are still some problems in the existing legal aid system of forensic appraisal, such as the different standards for the receiver of assistance, the complexity of aid methods, the huge differences in the content, and confusion of the assistance procedures. We can further standardize and construct the legal aid system of forensic appraisal in China from the aspects of defining the receivers of assistance, standardizing the way and content of assistance, and improving the assistance procedure. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research on the System of Technical Investigator in Intellectual Property Litigation — from the Perspective of Technical Investigation Opinion BU Hongxing 2021(2): 18-23.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2021.02.003 Abstract ( )   PDF (751KB) ( )   The system of technical investigator is an important system to find out technical facts in the trial of intellectual property cases. According to the instructions of  judges,  technical investigators participate in the whole process of litigation and give technical investigation opinions on technical facts. Due to the limitation of the current provisions in China, there are many problems in the application of technical investigation opinions in judicial practice, such as the unclear definition of the scope of application, whether the procedure is open and the specific application methods. In order to effectively regulate the specific application of technical investigation opinions, combined with China’s legal norms, judicial practice and foreign experience, it should be made clear that the application scope of technical investigation opinion can include factual issues and some legal issues. The responsibility mechanism of technical investigators should be constructed according to the requirements of the principle of judicial responsibility, and on this basis, the content of technical investigation opinions should be moderately open. At the same time, in order to maximize the auxiliary effect of the technical investigator system to the judges, the specific application of technical investigation opinions in the judgment can be diversified. Related Articles | Metrics

Forensic Review

Select

Research Progress on Analytical Methods of Psilocin and Psilocybin YANG Liu, XIANG Ping, DANG Yonghui, et al 2021(2): 24-32.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2021.02.004 Abstract ( )   PDF (942KB) ( )   Hallucinogens are a class of psychoactive substances that cause abnormalities in consciousness, perception and vision at low doses, causing hallucinations and mood disorders. Psilocin and psilocybin are tryptamines compounds with hallucinogenic effects, which are present in the hallucinogenic mushrooms of the psilocybe and panaeolus. Currently, the abuse or recreational use of hallucinogenic mushrooms containing the substances is becoming more and more serious, resulting in an increasing number of cases of endangering public safety. Therefore, the identification and prevention of the abuse of hallucinogenic mushrooms is one of the important demands and international hot research issues in the field of judicial identification. This paper summarizes the pharmacology and toxicology, in vivo processes, sample processing methods and analytical methods for psilocin and psilocybin, in order to provide reference for forensic appraisal practice. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research Progress and Forensic Significance of Rotator Cuff Injury GUO Hongsong, NIU Shizhen, LI Changzheng, et al 2021(2): 33-37.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2021.02.005 Abstract ( )   PDF (746KB) ( )   The rotator cuff is located among the acromion, acromioclavicular joint and the bony structure of the humeral head. It is a group of tendon complexes composed of supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis and teres minor muscle around the humeral head and mixed with the shoulder joint capsule to form a cuff structure around the shoulder joint, which plays an important role in the shoulder joint activity. The Common causes of rotator cuff injury include factors like: subacromial impingement syndrome, vascular related abnormalities, degeneration joint function and aging, and traumatic violence, which is a complex pathophysiological process involving multiple factors. This paper summarizes and comprehensively analyze the causes and mechanism of rotator cuff injury according to the following perspectives of the anatomical factors,pathological factors and related inflammatory mediators, so as to provide further theoretical basis for forensic clinical identification. Related Articles | Metrics

Forensic Science

Select

Exploration of Automatic Accent Recognition Based on Linguistic Phonological Words YANG Wei, YANG Junjie 2021(2): 38-42.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2021.02.006 Abstract ( )   PDF (1660KB) ( )   Objective From perspective of dialect phonetics, through computer analysis and selection of model training data, this study explores the methods to improve the accuracy of automatic accent recognition and optimize the model training data. Methods By using methods of phonological analysis, signal processing, mathematical model and statistics, 37 dialect points (each dialect point is about 2 200) containing about 81 400 segments of electronic recording are selected phonological words, electronic speech preprocessing, extracted Mel-scale frequency cepstral coefficients, and Gaussian mixture models are constructed for accent recognition and analysis. Results The results show that the recognition model based on the training set of 260 words extracted from dialect speech can complete the task of accent recognition. Compared with the recognition model based on the training set of 300 words, it has significant advantages in recognition accuracy and the number of speech to be tested. Conclusion The automatic accent recognition method based on linguistic phonological words has completed the establishment of Gaussian mixture model of 37 dialect points, which can be used for auxiliary discrimination analysis in accent recognition. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research on Recognition of Forged Fingerprints by High Simulation Modeling SUN Nianfeng, BIAN Xinwei, WANG Zhongyang, et al 2021(2): 43-49.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2021.02.007 Abstract ( )   PDF (13032KB) ( )   Objective Research on recognition of forged fingerprints by high simulation modeling. Method  Inkpad fingerprints were selected as master fingerprints to fabricate fingerprint moulds by exposure, and the master fingerprints were compared with the bogus fingerprints. Results By comparison, their size are different, and bogus fingerprints streaklines are wider, streaklines interval are narrow, minutiaes always connect, tiny traces are always unresponsive, streaklines ink distribution lack of color change and tiny leaky white. Conclusion Identification of bogus fingerprints need to synthetically analyze the ink distributions/size/streaklines interval/minutiaes/tiny traces and else traces, and the ink distributions are the primary gist. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research on Decryption Technology of DPAPI in Windows System Storage Area SU Zaitian, GUO Hong, WANG Xin, et al 2021(2): 50-56.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2021.02.008 Abstract ( )   PDF (3578KB) ( )   Objective In the process of electronic data forensics, data encryption and decryption is often the focus of forensics personnel. DPAPI is widely used as a data protection interface provided by the Windows system, and is currently mainly used to protect encrypted data. Its characteristics are mainly manifested in that encryption and decryption must be operated on the same computer. The generation, use and management of the key are completed by the Windows system. If the computer is replaced, the DPAPI encrypted data cannot be unlocked. This article analyzes the DPAPI encryption mechanism in depth to achieve the purpose of offline decryption of the DPAPI encrypted data in the Windows system storage area. Methods Through in-depth research and analysis of the DPAPI encryption process and decryption process of multiple operating systems such as Windows XP, Windows 7, and Windows 10, it is determined that offline decryption of data in the system storage area mainly depends on the system registry file and master key file. Results Using the restored decryption process and algorithm, as well as the system's registry file and master key file, the DPAPI encrypted data can be unlocked normally. Conclusion This method can achieve the purpose of offline decryption of DPAPI encrypted data in Windows system storage area. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research and Application of the Development Method of Transfer Fingerprint to Photographic Paper LIU Mengkang, ZHANG Xiaomei 2021(2): 57-63.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2021.02.009 Abstract ( )   PDF (5227KB) ( )   Objective To improve the existing fingerprint transfer development method and find a new method that is more convenient to operate on the survey site. Methods Filter paper, tape and photographic paper are respectively used as the carrier for transfer printing. Selecting the best effect and testing the application result. Results A new type of method to transfer fingerprint is discovered-the development method of transfer fingerprint to photographic paper. Conclusions The photographic paper adsorbed with 3% solution of ninhydrin acetone is attached to the object, and after standing for 5-30 minutes, transferable and extraction of the latent fingerprint was achieved. This method has a better transfer impression effect on fingerprints on impermeable objects. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Experimental Research on the Coefficient of Sliding Friction of Typical Electric Two-wheeled Vehicle HENG Weiwei, ZHAO Dong, GONG Biao, et al 2021(2): 64-72.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2021.02.010 Abstract ( )   PDF (7920KB) ( )   Objective In order to obtain the sliding friction coefficient of typical electric two-wheeled vehicle, to study the influence of factors such as the sliding speed, the dry and wet road surface, the road material and the structure of the electric vehicle on the sliding friction coefficient of the electric two-wheeled vehicle. Methods The real vehicle traction method was applied to test the sliding friction coefficient of the two types of electric two-wheeled vehicle, "standard" and "non-standard", on four common kinds of roads in the range of 0-50 km/h. Results The results showed that the friction coefficient of the electric two-wheeled vehicle fell to the ground on the experimental concrete pavement was 0.5-0.7, and the friction coefficient of the experimental asphalt pavement was 0.2-0.4. The friction coefficient and the sliding speed were generally negatively related. There is no significant difference in the friction coefficient between two types of electric two-wheeled vehicle. Conclusion The properties of road surface and the speed of sliding have a greater impact on the friction of the electric two-wheeled vehicle, while the two-wheeled vehicle type has a small impact on it, the sliding friction coefficients of test concrete and asphalt pavements are 0.5-0.7 and 0.2-0.4, respectively. Related Articles | Metrics

Forensic Forum

Select

The Evolution of “Appraiser and Expert Assistant” Dualistic Expert Witness System in China — Starting from the Provisions on Evidence in Civil Procedure ZHU Haibiao, LIU Muxin, WANG Xu, 2021(2): 73-80.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2021.02.011 Abstract ( )   PDF (1139KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Reconstruction of the Pattern of Appraiser Appearing in Court in Compulsory Medical Procedure YU Xun 2021(2): 81-86.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2021.02.012 Abstract ( )   PDF (1023KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Reconstruction of the Forensic Science System and “Whole Health” Social Governance — Reconstruction of Forensic Science System under the Background of COVID-19 HE Fanggang, CHEN Ling, YAN Ping, 2021(2): 87-91.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2021.02.013 Abstract ( )   PDF (872KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Forensic Medicine Appraisal of Fracture after Osteoporosis Trauma MA Wenjing 2021(2): 92-95.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2021.02.014 Abstract ( )   PDF (589KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Application of 3D Laser Scanning and Computer Technology in Traffic Accident Scene Restoration 2021(2): 96-101.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2021.02.015 Abstract ( )   PDF (12499KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

Litigation and Case Report

Select

A Case of Comparison Inspection and Indentification of Video Portrait in Closed Space LIU Tao, TAO Daiqin 2021(2): 102-104.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2021.02.016 Abstract ( )   PDF (4581KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

Select

A Case of Forensic Appraisal of Medical Damage Caused by “Suspended Animation”  CHEN Lijian, LI Lizeng, CHEN Dongsheng, et al 2021(2): 105-107.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2021.02.017 Abstract ( )   PDF (388KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

Select

A Case Died of Acute Water Poisoning Induced by Oral Water Emesis WEI Luguan, CUI Guoxing, LUO Likang, et al 2021(2): 108-109.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2021.02.018 Abstract ( )   PDF (1536KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics