Abstract:

In practice, Forensic examination of altered and damaged document is mostly use the tools of microscope, video spectral comparator （VSC）, static indentation meter and other physical and chemical inspection methods. Traditional spectral inspection methods are either limited by the spectral range, or have a low differentiation rate for similar substances, or unable to image the whole, and the results are difficult to provide accurate support for forensic examination of altered and damaged document. Hyperspectral imaging （HSI） is an integration of conventional imaging technology and spectroscopy to detect subtle spectral differences between chemically similar substances, using the different images and spectral properties of substances for rapid nondestructive analysis, which can reveal detailed features that are more difficult to observe by traditional technical means; the spectral image data processing method can also improve the recognition of ambiguous elements on the document. By reviewing the technical principles, data processing methods and specific applications of hyperspectral imaging techniques in forensic examination of altered and damaged document, the paper summarizes and outlooks the challenges and development directions in the future research.

Key words:

hyperspectral imaging technology, identification of tampered （contaminated） documents, identification of document formation methods, identification of altered documents, identification of fuzzy records 

摘要：

篡改（污损）文件鉴定在实践中通常采用宏观检验法、显微检验法、压痕记载检验法和理化检验检测法进行检验检测。传统的光谱检测法会受到光谱范围、对相似物质区分度低、无法整体成像等限制，检测结果难以为篡改（污损）文件鉴定提供精确支撑。高光谱成像技术是常规成像技术和光谱学的集成，以检测化学成分相似的物质之间的细微光谱差异，利用图像特征和光谱特征进行快速无损分析，可以发现传统技术手段难以观察到的细节特征；通过光谱图像数据处理，亦可提升文件上模糊要素的辨识度。通过对高光谱成像技术的技术原理、数据处理方法及在篡改（污损）文件鉴定中的具体应用进行综述，对今后研究中存在的挑战和发展方向进行总结和展望。

关键词:

高光谱成像技术, 篡改（污损）文件鉴定, 文件形成方式鉴定, 变造文件鉴定, 模糊记载鉴定