Abstract: At present,many countries in the world links legislation relating to compulsory hospitalization of metal patients with guardian law. The guardian system plays an important role in protecting mental patients, who lack civil capacity, and in providing necessary condition for hospitalized patients.In China, because the legislation in this regard is lagging behind, this has resulted in many acts that the mentally ill are compulsorily hospitalized, the freedom and health rights of metal patients are not adequately taken care of, or even infringed. Medical malpractice disputes and litigation are also increasing. The author tries to do some deconstruction analysis of the mental patients civil compulsory hospitalization ,with a view to provide some legislative proposals to establish the system of mental patients civil compulsory hospitalization of suitable to the situation of our country and to further improve the protection of mental patients'rights.

Key words: Mental Patients, Gardian, Civil Compulsory Hospitalization, Civil Capacity

摘要： 目前，世界多数国家关于精神病人强制住院的立法都直接与广义上的监护法律相联系。监护制度在保护民事行为能力欠缺的精神障碍患者的身心安全和提供必要的住院及医疗措施方面发挥了重要作用。然而，由于我国关于精神病人监护制度的法律规定较为简陋和滞后，导致了实践中，特别是在涉及民事强制住院措施适用时，很多精神病人的人身自由和健康权益并没有得到有效照管，甚至受到严重侵害，由此引起的医疗纠纷和诉讼也日益增多。笔者在此试图对我国精神病人民法监护制度进行解构分析，以期为进一步完善适合我国国情的精神病人监护制度和维护精神病人健康权益提供一些立法建议。

关键词: 精神障碍, 监护, 民事强制住院, 民事行为能力