Abstract: Forensic appraisal services in legal aid cases can be referred to as forensic appraisal public welfare services. In China, the overall promotion of top-level design and the innovation while maintaining integrity in local exploration have jointly outlined the basic institutional framework of forensic appraisal public welfare services. However, this service also presents problems such as low legislative level, significant differences among regions regarding regulatory content, and rough operating procedures. Forensic appraisal public welfare services not only have the tool value of ascertaining case facts and achieving substantive justice, but also have the inherent value of promoting the balance of power between the two parties, promoting human rights judicial protection, and improving litigation efficiency. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen the systematic construction of forensic appraisal public welfare services, taking national responsibility, due process, and litigation efficiency as the basic principles thereof, adopting the legislative model of incorporating forensic appraisal public welfare services as a whole into the Legal Aid Law, and improving specific designs from the aspects of service provider, service scope, operating procedures, guarantee of funds, and digital construction.

Key words: public legal service, forensic appraisal public welfare service, legal aid

摘要： 法律援助案件中的司法鉴定服务，是公共法律服务体系中的一种司法鉴定公益服务。在我国，顶层设计的整体推进与地方探索的守正创新，共同勾勒出司法鉴定公益服务的基本制度轮廓，但该项服务也存在立法层级较低、各地规范内容差异较大、运行程序较为粗疏等问题。司法鉴定公益服务不仅具有查明案件事实、实现实体正义的工具价值，更具有推进两造力量平衡、促进人权司法保障、提高诉讼效率的固有价值。未来，应当加强司法鉴定公益服务的体系化建构，将国家责任、正当程序、诉讼效率作为其基本原则，采取将司法鉴定公益服务整体纳入《法律援助法》的立法模式，并从服务主体、服务范围、运行程序、经费保障、数字化建设等方面完善具体设计。

关键词: 公共法律服务, 司法鉴定公益服务, 法律援助