Abstract: To build an autonomous knowledge system with Chinese characteristics, we must dig out and carry forward the excellent traditional Chinese culture, and take the identifying concepts as the basis to form an original theoretical system. Forensic science is originated in China, developed in Europe and America, and prevailed in the world. Song Ci’s Collected Cases of Washing-away Wrongs is the earliest work of forensic science in the world. In Chinese，“fa-ting science”is a loanword, and an inaccurate translation for forensic science. However,it has been used widely in China, from academic research to discipline construction, with the suspicion of abuse. Therefore, we should use “si-fa science” instead of “fa-ting science”, and build on this basis an autonomous knowledge system of forensic science with Chinese characteristics, including the theoretical system and the discourse system.

Key words: forensic science, Collected Cases of Washing-away Wrongs, criminalistics, fa-ting science, autonomous knowledge system

摘要： 构建中国自主知识体系，就要挖掘并传承中华优秀传统文化，以标识性概念为基点，形成原创性理论体系。司法科学起源于中国，发达于欧美，流行于世界。宋慈的《洗冤集录》是人类最早的司法科学著作。“法庭科学”是外来语，而且是不太准确的翻译语，但是在中国使用甚广，甚至从学术研究进入学科建设，实有滥用之嫌。因此，我们应该用“司法科学”取代“法庭科学”，并在此基础上建构中国自主的司法科学知识体系，包括理论体系和话语体系。

关键词: 司法科学, 《洗冤集录》, 刑事司法学, 法庭科学, 自主知识体系