Abstract: The reform of China’s forensic appraisal management system is facing the contradiction between an increasingly growing demand for standardized and unified management and the unordered and decentralized management supply. Over the past ten years of the “delegation of powers, improvement of regulation, and optimization of services” reform, the decentralization of forensic appraisal management power has, to a certain extent, solved the drawback of insufficient management supply in the old management system. However, in the reform, problems have emerged, such as the absence of an ability assessment for the main bodies undertaking administrative licensing rights, the lack of a legal basis for the delegation of administrative penalty powers, inconsistent contents of the decentralized management power, and non-unified ways of decentralizing the management power. There is an urgent need for unified management rules for forensic appraisal to make effective regulation. Therefore, when formulating the “Forensic Appraisal Law”, it is necessary to consider four aspects: constructing a pre-entrustment evaluation and demonstration procedure, supplementing the legal basis for delegation, clarifying the content of the decentralized management power, and unifying the ways of decentralizing the management power. This is expected to absorb the practical effects of the local decentralization reform and improve the quality and efficiency of forensic appraisal management.

Key words: administrative management power of forensic appraisal, decentralization of management power, legislation on forensic appraisal, power and responsibility list

摘要： 我国司法鉴定管理体制改革正面临日益增长的规范化、统一化管理需求与无序化、分散化的管理供给之间的矛盾。在“放管服”改革的十多年来，司法鉴定管理权的下沉在一定程度上解决了旧有管理体制中管理供给不足的弊端，但在改革中却出现了行政许可权承接主体能力评估缺位、行政处罚权下放缺少法律据、管理权下沉内容不一致、管理权下沉方式不统一等问题，亟须一部统一的司法鉴定管理规范作出有效规制。因此，“司法鉴定法”的制定需要考虑构建委托前评估论证程序、补充下放法律依据、明确管理权下沉内容、统一管理权下沉方式四个方面，以吸收地方管理权下沉改革实效，提升司法鉴定管理质效。

关键词: 司法鉴定管理权, 管理权下沉, 司法鉴定立法, 权责清单