Abstract: The knife is a common tool in daily life, and at the same time, is one of the most frequent weapons in crime. Locating and identifying criminal suspects by inferring the type of knives is a widely adopted approach in crime investigation. From the view of knife industry, the functions, structural features and manufacturing materials of standard style knives are studied. In the aspect of forensic examination, the shapes and characteristics of traces left by standard style knives are analyzed, and the inferring method is discussed.

Key words: standard style knife, trace characteristics, separated object, type

摘要： 刀具是人们日常生活中常用的工具之一,其种类繁多,功能、形状各异;同时它也是最主要的犯罪工具之一。因此,通过推断作案刀具的种类,来查找和确定犯罪嫌疑人,仍然是案件侦察中的途径之一。而本文从刀具制作行业的角度出发,对几类作案制式刀具的功能、外形结构特点、制作材料,进行了细致的研究,并从痕迹检验的角度出发,重点研究了制式刀具的痕迹形态、特点及特征反映,阐述了制式刀具种类的推断方法。

关键词: 制式刀具, 痕迹特征, 分离物, 种类