Abstract: The concept of competency to stand trial(CST) in criminal courts recognizes that a defendant's mental or emotional disabilities might interfere with the right to a fair trial.Comparing the difference of the legislation and practice between China and foreign countries,we believe CST should be used in investigation procedures(like fitness to plead) so that it can obey the principle of procedural law.And the competence must be classified into two grades according to jurisprudence.Furthermore,we need create the treatment process for those who were incompetent to stand trial to protect the rights of patients.

Key words: competency to stand trail, application, process

摘要： 目前司法领域对受审能力缺乏明确的立法规定,实践中也没有统一标准。本文就受审能力的适用于诉讼的范围、受审能力的二分法、评定程序等问题,从法律而非医学的角度来进行分析,以纠正目前对受审能力的部分错误认识。

关键词: 受审能力, 适用范围, 二分法, 程序