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2007 Issue 02 (Total No. )
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The Nature of Appraisal Institutions Bian Jianlin;Guo Zhiyuan (China University of Politics and Law;Beijing 000;China) 2007(02): 1-3+8.  Abstract ( )   The socialization of appraiser has worsened the conflict between appraiser's financial interest and public trust, and aroused the ponderation and discussion on the nature of appraisal institutions. The focus of controversy is on whether the appraiser should be a business entity or a nonprofit entity. The author holds that the appraiser should be an independent, neutral and nonprofit service. The grounds on which the appraiser should be nonprofit include: the nature of appraisal decides the nonprofit feature of appraiser; the specialty of appraisal make it impossible to become a complete market entity ; socialization will lead to many negative consequences. For these reasons, we should strengthen the managements of appraisal, support those appraisers in certain specialty, and clarify the fee schedule. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Accountability of the Forensic Science Experts YI Min LU Qin(Southwest University of Political Science and Law;Chongqing 000;China) 2007(02): 4-8.  Abstract ( )   Forensic science experts are critical to the activities of the forensic identification, thus, it entails the establishment of a reasonable mechanism to encourage the forensic science experts to participate in the courtroom services for the sake of public interests, to restrain the autonomy of those experts to carry on the forensic appraisal activities objectively. In doing so, to define properly the accountability of the forensic science experts is the major means to the restrain the appraisal activities of the experts, and is also an inevitable item to bring into full play the present system of the forensic appraisal. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Comparison of the Weight of Proof Provided by Expert Witness in Civil Litigation Qi Shujie Liang Kaibin(Law School;Xiamen University;Xiamen 00;China) 2007(02): 9-13+1.  Abstract ( )   In civil litigation, it is always difficult for a judge to compare the weight of evidence of conflict conclusions provided by different experts. Before deciding which expert's witness is more admissible, a judge needs to compare different expert conclusions in respect of the external weight of evidence, the internal weight of evidence and, especially, the synthetical weight of evidence. When the direction of external weight of evidence is contrary to that of internal weight of evidence, the latter should be decisive. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Expert Evaluation Ought to be Headed for Open Jiang Kui(Chongqing Forensic Science Centre;Chongqing 0;China) 2007(02): 14-16.  Abstract ( )   To keep the forensic appraisal confidential is not favorable to safeguard the right of litigants,it does not meet the requirement of the judicial system and litigation system reform. On the contemporary rule by law,the open system ought to be implemented in the expert evaluation. This article also discusses the specific requirements of expert evaluation in an open system. Related Articles | Metrics

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Determination of Five Barbiturate Drugs in Blood by LC-MS/MSB ZHUO Xian-yi;XIANG Ping (Institute of Forensic Sciences;Ministry of Justice;Shanghai 000;China) 2007(02): 17-19.  Abstract ( )   Objective To establish a method for determination of barbiturate drugs in blood. Methods Barbiturate drugs in blood were extracted with organic solvent and detected by LC-MS/MS with aspirin internal standard. Results The limits of detection (LOD) were 10ng/mL for all the 5 barbiturate drugs, the calibration range 0.02 (10μg/mL), the recovery rate 70 (87%). Conclusion The method is sensitive, accurate and reliable. It is shown to be applicable for detecting barbiturate drugs in forensic and clinical analytical toxicology. Related Articles | Metrics

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A Study on the Artificial Aging of Blue Roller and Gel Inks by HPLC WANG Yuan-feng;WANG Jing-han;XU Ying-jian (. China People's Public Security University;Beijing 000;China;. China Criminal Police University;Shenyang 00;China) 2007(02): 20-22.  Abstract ( )   Objectives To study rules of artificial aging process of blue roller and gel inks. Methods Physical changes of 14 ink samples in different lighting conditions (darkness, daylight and artificial light) were compared; Chemical changes in different lighting conditions (darkness and daylight) were investigated by HPLC. Results Obvious physical changes were observed after inks were exposed to artificial light, while few in dark conditions. Relative quantities of color components changed with time in two stages for the first 30 days under natural lighting. Conclusion Physical properties could offer important information for dating of blue roller and gel inks, and combining with HPLC results, artificial aging process could be recognized. Related Articles | Metrics

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Privacy Protection if Criminal DNA database QIU Ge-ping(East China University of Politics and Law;Shanghai 000;China) 2007(02): 23-26.  Abstract ( )   Since the mid-1980s, police have been using analysis of DNA in criminal investigations. Now they have gained a new weapon in the fight against crime: DNA databases. But in this era that the human right is uppermost, the public is concerned about not only the efficiency of fighting against crime but also the protection of privacy in DNA collection, storage, and usage. In order to elease the public's anxiety law should limit expressly the time of storage of DNA samples, the purpose of using DNA samples and the object of using the data of DNA database. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Nature of Criminal Expert Evaluation JIANG Li-hua(Beijing People's Police College;Beijing 00;China) 2007(02): 27-29+3.  Abstract ( )   Criminal expert evaluation is the only way to solve the special problems in criminal procedure. Criminal expert evaluation is not an investigative but a criminal procedure behavior. It is the expert witness who uses scientific method or special knowledge to solve the specitic problems. Criminal expert evaluation conclution is not physical but verbal evidence. Related Articles | Metrics

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Rethinking on Courts Keeping Their Own Evaluators Liang Kun (Law School;Renmin University of China;Beijing 00;China) 2007(02): 30-33.  Abstract ( )   In the course of the reform of judicial evaluation system, some scholars prefer to the keep the evaluators in court. However, these viewpoints have many limitations. Cancellation of the evaluation institutions and reposition the evaluators at the same time are both very important in the process of reform. Related Articles | Metrics

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Dating of Fountain Pen Ink Script Using Dialysis Method XIE Peng;LIU Suo;LI Biao;BAO Ren;WANG Shi-quan(. China Criminal Police University;Shenyang 00;China;. Supreme People's Pprocuratorate;Beijing 00;China) 2007(02): 34-35.  Abstract ( )   According to the principle of dialysis, writing time of different kinds of fountain pen inks on different types of papers were measured using newly researched and developed dialyzates. On the basis of keeping the same of concentration and thickness of dialyzate and scripts' colorant, effects of different inks and papers on the results of dialysis were investigated, and general rules were summarized. The principle and operating methods of the new technique were also introduced. Related Articles | Metrics

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Examination of Signature Handwriting Imitated by Practice and memory GAO Bin (Wuhan People's Procuratorate;Hubei 00;China) 2007(02): 36-37+5.  Abstract ( )   A Case of signature handwriting examination was presented. The concept of simulated forgery by practice and memory was put forward, and the ten key points for the examination of such signatures were summarized. Related Articles | Metrics

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Enhance Fingerprints in the RGB Coordinate JIN Hai-tao;SI Yang;ZHANG Jian-chong (. China People's Public Security University;Beijing 000;China;. Public Security Bureau of Xiayi;Henan 00;China) 2007(02): 38-39.  Abstract ( )   Enhancing contrast of the interested part of an image is a difficult task for criminalistic examiners. With the help of image processing technology, variations of RGB values in the original image can be turned into useful information, and based on the difference of pixel values, the background of fingerprints can be eliminated. This technique could be helpful for fingerprint identification. Related Articles | Metrics