关键词: 司法鉴定, 鉴定咨询, 公共服务, 公共法律服务

Abstract: For a long time, appraisal consultation has not received sufficient attention. As a  public good, it is characterized by non-rivalry and non-excludability, capable of generating significant social benefits. The evaluation of its social effectiveness is based on professionalism, service quality, and cost efficiency. The primary social function of appraisal consultation is to prevent and resolve disputes, thereby contributing to the reduction of aggregate social expenditures. This function is central to its role as part of public legal service. To fully bring into play the potential of appraisal consultation, it is strategically essential to ensure coordination between forensic appraisal and other public legal services, as well as alignment with litigation services, while promoting regional collaboration. From a development standpoint, this requires strong government involvement alongside efforts to invigorate market participants. At the same time, the public-private partnership （PPP） model should be actively explored and practiced to optimize the operation mechanism of the public legal service system.

Key words: forensic appraisal, appraisal consultation, public service, public legal service