基于实时荧光定量PCR技术的mRNA组织溯源方法研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2025.06.003

中国司法鉴定 ›› 2025 ›› Issue (6): 22-30.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2025.06.003

• 专题研究：法医物证体液/组织溯源 • 上一篇下一篇

基于实时荧光定量PCR技术的mRNA组织溯源方法研究

陈曼，褚旭峰，迪雅，张建华，刘希玲

司法鉴定科学研究院上海市法医学重点实验室上海市司法鉴定专业技术服务平台司法部司法鉴定重点实验室，上海 200063

收稿日期:2025-06-03 出版日期:2025-11-15 发布日期:2025-11-25
通讯作者: 张建华（1976—），男，主任法医师，硕士，主要从事法医病理学研究。E-mail：zhangjh@ssfjd.cn 刘希玲（1982—），女，研究员，博士，主要从事法医整合生物学研究。E-mail：liuxl@ssfjd.cn
作者简介:陈曼（1990—），女，助理研究员，博士，主要从事法医遗传学研究。E-mail：chenman@ssfjd.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目（82471921）；上海市东方英才计划领军项目（LJ2024051）；中央级公益性科研院所资助项目（GY2025T-1，GY2025C-6）；上海市法医学重点实验室资助项目（21DZ2270800）。

Development of a qPCR Technology-Based Method for Tracing the Origin of Human Tissues

CHEN Man, CHU Xufeng, DI Ya, ZHANG Jianhua, LIU Xiling

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science,Ministry of Justice, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China

Received:2025-06-03 Published:2025-11-15 Online:2025-11-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的构建基于实时荧光定量PCR（real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR，qPCR）技术的多组织溯源检测方法及数据分析方法，实现法医实践中7种人体组织（肝、肾、心肌、骨骼肌、脑、肺、脂肪）与外周血的溯源。方法采用qPCR技术对13个候选基因和1个内参基因在7种人体组织与外周血中的特异性mRNA表达特征进行系统评估，通过熔解曲线分析和定量表达谱检测筛选特异性标志物，并构建多组织鉴别模型。结果研究的13个具有高度组织特异性的mRNA标志物，涵盖全部目标组织类型。基于留一法交叉验证的支持向量机算法构建的溯源模型可实现100%的组织来源鉴别准确率。结论所建立的涵盖多组织特异性mRNA标记的qPCR检测体系及溯源模型，为司法实践中的组织溯源提供了重要的技术保障。

关键词: 法医物证学, 组织特异性mRNA, 组织溯源, qPCR技术

Abstract: Objective To establish a real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR （qPCR） technology with integrated data analysis for accurately identifying the source of seven human tissues (liver, kidney, cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle, brain, lung and adipose) and peripheral blood in forensic practice. Methods qPCR technology was employed to systematically evaluate the expression profiles of thirteen candidate genes and one reference gene across seven human tissues and peripheral blood. Tissue-specific mRNA markers were screened through melting curve analysis and quantitative expression profiling, followed by the construction of a multi-tissues identification model. Results The thirteen identified mRNA markers with highly tissue-specific expression profiles comprehensively covered all target tissues types. An origin-tracing model based on a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm with leave-one-out cross-validation achieved 100% accuracy in tissue identification. Conclusion This study established a qPCR detection system with tissue-specific mRNA markers and a robust origin-tracing model, providing a reliable technique for determining tissue origins in forensic investigations.

Key words: forensic genetics, tissue-specific mRNA, tracing the origin of human tissue, qPCR technology

中图分类号:

DF795.2

陈曼, 褚旭峰, 迪雅, 张建华, 刘希玲. 基于实时荧光定量PCR技术的mRNA组织溯源方法研究[J]. 中国司法鉴定, 2025(6): 22-30.

CHEN Man, CHU Xufeng, DI Ya, ZHANG Jianhua, LIU Xiling. Development of a qPCR Technology-Based Method for Tracing the Origin of Human Tissues[J]. Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2025(6): 22-30.

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基于实时荧光定量PCR技术的mRNA组织溯源方法研究

Development of a qPCR Technology-Based Method for Tracing the Origin of Human Tissues

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