Abstract: The requirements on the certification and accreditation of forensic appraisal institutions in the “Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress on the Management of Forensic Appraisal” have laid the foundation for the certification and accreditation system of forensic appraisal in China， which has made the management of forensic appraisal institutions and the forensic appraisal practice to be standardized， normalized， scientific and internationalized. By exploring the background and cause of the construction of the certification and accreditation system， reviewing the 15 years’ practice of certification and accreditation， and its historical value and practical significance， it is concluded that certification and accreditation can help to reverse the situation of low-level self-discipline and varied management levels in China’s forensic appraisal industry， to improve the access mechanism of forensic appraisal institutions， to standardize activities. It plays an important role in making China’s forensic appraisal known to the world and participating in international mutual recognition of certification. Meanwhile， there are still some problems to be further considered and discussed in legal provisions， accreditation review， and linkage between accreditation and industry management， so as to improve system construction and industry management.

Key words: forensic appraisal；certification and accreditation；system construction；quality

摘要： 全国人大常委会《关于司法鉴定管理问题的决定》关于司法鉴定机构认证认可的刚性要求开创了我国司法鉴定认证认可制度，使司法鉴定机构管理和司法鉴定活动模式走向标准化、规范化、科学化和国际化的层面。通过探究认证认可制度构建的背景动因，回顾认证认可的15年实践历程，纵观其历史价值和现实意义，认为认证认可对于扭转我国司法鉴定行业自律程度不高、管理水平各异的局面；对于健全完善司法鉴定机构的准入机制，规范司法鉴定活动方式和水平；对于提高司法鉴定公信力，保障诉讼活动进程；对于我国司法鉴定走向世界和鉴定意见参与国际互认，具有重要的推动和促进作用。同时提出在认证认可的法律规定、认证认可评审、认证认可与行业管理相衔接方面仍存在需要思考和探讨的问题，以期为完善制度构建和行业管理提供参考。

关键词: 司法鉴定；认证认可；制度构建；质量管理