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2020 Issue 5 (Total No. 0)
Published: 25 October 2020 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Thematic Discussion: Fifteen Years's Application of the Decision
Forensic Science
Forensic Forum
Litigation and Case Report


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Thematic Discussion: Fifteen Years's Application of the Decision

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The Construction and Practice of the Certification and Accreditation of Forensic Appraisal in China SHEN Min 2020(5): 8-16.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.05.002 Abstract ( )   PDF (1710KB) ( )   The requirements on the certification and accreditation of forensic appraisal institutions in the “Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress on the Management of Forensic Appraisal” have laid the foundation for the certification and accreditation system of forensic appraisal in China， which has made the management of forensic appraisal institutions and the forensic appraisal practice to be standardized， normalized， scientific and internationalized. By exploring the background and cause of the construction of the certification and accreditation system， reviewing the 15 years’ practice of certification and accreditation， and its historical value and practical significance， it is concluded that certification and accreditation can help to reverse the situation of low-level self-discipline and varied management levels in China’s forensic appraisal industry， to improve the access mechanism of forensic appraisal institutions， to standardize activities. It plays an important role in making China’s forensic appraisal known to the world and participating in international mutual recognition of certification. Meanwhile， there are still some problems to be further considered and discussed in legal provisions， accreditation review， and linkage between accreditation and industry management， so as to improve system construction and industry management. Related Articles | Metrics

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Review and Inspection of the Fifteen-year’s Reform of Forensic Appraisal System GUO Hua 2020(5): 25-32.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.05.004 Abstract ( )   PDF (1393KB) ( )   “Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress on the Management of Forensic Appraisal”， a landmark decision promulgated by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress， has been implemented for 15 years， and a unified forensic appraisal administration system has initially been formed. With the deepening of judicial reform， the reform of forensic appraisal system has also entered into a key stage. Due to the influence of various factors and the constraint of mechanism， the variation of previously existed phenomena， such as repeated appraisal and false appraisal， has appeared in practice， which ha a new impact on judicial efficiency and judicial justice. The solution of these new and old problems not only depends on improving the legislation of forensic appraisal to heighten the threshold of entry and strengthen the supervision， but also depends on bringing the forensic appraisal system into the public legal service system to promote the construction of system and mechanism， strengthen the public welfare attribute of forensic appraisal to give full play to its advantages， and constantly promote the scientific combination of forensic appraisal industry management and administrative management， as well as the correct connection of administrative management and litigation management. It is of great significance for further deepening of the reform of forensic appraisal system and improvement of the credibility of forensic appraisal to reviewing its 15 years of implementation and to summarize the experience. Related Articles | Metrics

Forensic Science

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Forensic Identification of Traumatic Vitreous Hemorrhage WANG Yuanxing 2020(5): 33-37.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.05.005 Abstract ( )   PDF (1052KB) ( )   Objective To investigate the characteristics of traumatic vitreous hemorrhage and the key points of forensic science. Methods From June 2013 to June 2018, 76 cases (76 eyes) of vitreous hemorrhage with a clear history of ocular trauma in a provincial ophthalmic hospital were retrospectively studied. All cases underwent detailed routine visual acuity, diopter, slit lamp, intraocular pressure, B-mode ultrasonography, VEP, ERG, color fundus photography, OCT, visual field, FFA, UBM, and ocular CT (or MRI) and other eye examinations. Results The amount of vitreous hemorrhage was divided into four grades according to the degree of vitreous turbidity. The amount of vitreous hemorrhage was divided into a small amount, a medium amount and a large amount of hemorrhage on B-mode ultrasonography images. Hemorrhage could be absorbed by itself. The amount of hemorrhage and complications directly affected the prognosis of visual acuity. Visual acuity decline was likely to improve. The degree of injury to a minor two, minor one, injured two. Conclusion Traumatic vitreous hemorrhage has certain characteristics. The visual acuity deterioration caused by vitreous hemorrhage can affect the identification conclusion. The identification time is 3-6 months and can be extended to 6 months according to the specific condition of the injury. Eye B-mode ultrasound diagnosis is an important means of examination. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis and Application of Video Time Watermark for Vehicle Speed Identification ZHANG Zefeng 2020(5): 43-49.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.05.007 Abstract ( )   PDF (1699KB) ( )   Objective Time variable is an important parameter in the forensic appraisal of vehicle speed based on video. The time watermark of video image is usually used as the time parameter of vehicle speed identification by the organization of forensic appraisal. Different videos have different time watermark phenomena. This paper aims to discuss the application of time watermark in different situations in vehicle speed identification. Methods Through the combination of theoretical analysis and experimental verification, this paper analyzes the principle of time related items of video time watermark and other video data, and discusses the relationship between time watermark and vehicle speed identification. Results This paper classifies the common time watermark frame rate phenomena into 12 categories by investigating the three items of video file frame rate(including PTS) time watermark frame rate and vehicle motion state, and discusses the speed identification countermeasures of the classification. Conclusion In the video-based vehicle speed identification, the value of the time parameter should be combined with the time watermark frame rate, the frame rate of the video file (including PTS), and the vehicle motion state before comprehensive evaluation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the Recognition of Latent Fingerprints Based on the Tetraphenyl Ethylene Derivativeimes JIN Xiaodong 2020(5): 50-53.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.05.008 Abstract ( )   PDF (1996KB) ( )   Objective While ensuring high-contrast and high-sensitivity display of fingerprints, it realizes accurate identification and comparison of fingerprints and lays the foundation for applications in actual cases. Methods Using tetrastyrene as the matrix, the hydrophobicity of the tetrastyrene matrix was improved by introducing a hydrophobic base chain, and the probe FLA-1 was synthesized to realize the display of latent fingerprints on glass, aluminum plate and coin objects. Subsequently, using ImageJ software, semi-quantitative analysis of the obtained fingerprint imaging was performed to verify the ability of the fluorescent probe FLA-1 to enhance the visualization of latent fingerprints. In addition, through the matching study of the fingerprint recognition system, the sensitivity of the fluorescent probe FLA-1 to display latent fingerprints was objectively analyzed, and the recognition mechanism was studied through solid-state fluorescence testing. Results The grayscale measurement of ImageJ software showed that the grayscale values of ridges and small furrows changed significantly, and the visual contrast of fingerprints was significantly improved. In addition, we compared 24, 35, and 50 feature points on glass, coins and aluminum plates, which are enough to meet the requirements of fingerprint identification. Conclusion The designed and synthesized probe FLA-1 can be used to display latent fingerprints on the surface of different objects and realize fingerprint comparison, which is expected to be popularized in the field of criminal technology. Related Articles | Metrics

Forensic Forum

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Research on the System of Professional Judicial Expert LIU Xin 2020(5): 54-63.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.05.009 Abstract ( )   PDF (1674KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

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An Outline of Intellectual Property Protection in the Standardization Process of Forensic Science ZHU Jinfeng 2020(5): 64-71.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.05.010 Abstract ( )   PDF (1600KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

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A Probe into the Reform Path of Localizing the Detention of Psychiatric Identification in China ZHANG Jie 2020(5): 72-78.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.05.011 Abstract ( )   PDF (1053KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

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Present Situation of Proficiency Testing in Digital Forensics and Suggestions for Improvement WANG Lianzhao 2020(5): 79-84.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.05.012 Abstract ( )   PDF (1275KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

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Discussion on the Establishment of Public Benefit Attribute Expert Assistant System GUO Hong 2020(5): 85-89.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.05.013 Abstract ( )   PDF (1179KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

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Humble Opinions on Handling of Document Appraisal Complaints LI Shasha 2020(5): 90-92.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.05.014 Abstract ( )   PDF (974KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

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Techniques for Forensic Authenticity Examination of Audios Recorded by IPhone ZENG Jinhua 2020(5): 93-97.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.05.015 Abstract ( )   PDF (1005KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

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Collection of Biological Samples for Forensic Toxicological Analysis in Examination of Cadavers Surface in Forensic Medicine WANG Feng 2020(5): 98-101.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.05.016 Abstract ( )   PDF (1072KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

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Making Rational Use of Existing Projects to Properly Resolve Disputes in Judicial Expertise CHU Shihong 2020(5): 102-104.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.05.017 Abstract ( )   PDF (971KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

Litigation and Case Report

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Litigation and Case Report A Case of Medical Damage Identification of One Side Tubal Excision in a Compound Pregnancy CHEN Fang 2020(5): 105-107.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.05.018 Abstract ( )   PDF (909KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

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A Case of Morphology and DNA Molecular Species of Defeathered Birds TU Feiyun 2020(5): 108-110.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.05.019 Abstract ( )   PDF (979KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics