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2020 Issue 6 (Total No. 0)
Published: 25 December 2020 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Forensic System
Forensic Review
Forensic Science
Forensic Forum
Litigation and Case Report


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Forensic System

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Empirical Analysis and Control Regarding Scientific Evidence in Misjudged Criminal Cases XIE Bugao 2020(6): 1-9.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.06.001 Abstract ( )   PDF (1261KB) ( )   Scientific evidence has become an important means of judicial proof in the 21st century due to its scientific characteristics. However, with the continuous disclosure of problems relating to scientific evidence in misjudged criminal cases, the reliability of scientific evidence has been greatly challenged. There are obvious differences in understanding of this issue between legal persons and forensic scientists. Therefore, this paper first presents the current status of the application of scientific evidence in judicial practice to provide a suitable perspective and basis for comprehensively understanding the reliability of scientific evidence. Secondly, taking the misjudged cases as the sample, 71 misjudged cases relating to scientific evidence were sorted out and the problems of scientific evidence in these cases were summed up. Then analysis was performed according to their types to explore the causes of different scientific evidence issues in the misjudged cases. Finally, based on the characteristics of scientific evidence and its application in the misjudged cases, this paper discusses some reasonable control paths of scientific evidence in preventing and correcting the cases. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Conception of Binary Mechanism on Fact Recognition — the Institutional Tension of Technical Investigation Official YI Min 2020(6): 10-16.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.06.002 Abstract ( )   PDF (1268KB) ( )   Judges usually face the problem of fact identification in judicial certification activities, cognitive and judgmental disorders due to judges’ professional technology bottleneck often cause dilemma of factual recognition. Nowadays ,the Technical Investigation Official System set up in intellectual property courts has the following advantages: scientific positioning, whole-process technical evaluation, reasonable allocation of functions. With the help of technical experts, these advantages help judges to understand the important facts hidden in the fade zone without influencing the exercise of the judges’ authority, thus making up the procedural gap of evidence investigation and litigation certification. Advantages embodied in the Technical Investigation Official System should have sufficient vitality and strength, according to the operation and experience of the intellectual property courts, this system can be used as an important reference for the practical exploration of technical fact investigation systems.Proper connection of independent and neutral Technical Investigation Officer System and forensic appraisal can promote the standardization process in the field of forensic appraisal. Related Articles | Metrics

Forensic Review

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Research Progress of New Psychoactive Substances of Phenethylamines ZHOU Liying 2020(6): 17-27.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.06.003 Abstract ( )   PDF (1144KB) ( )   New psychoactive substances of phenethylamines are a class of compounds with dual psychoactive effects of hallucinations and excitement. It uses phenethylamine as the mother nucleus, and through the chemical structure modification to synthesize phenethylamine derivatives to circumvent the laws and regulations of various countries. Its pharmacological effects are similar to traditional drugs, and even more toxic. Abuse of phenethylamines can cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, tachycardia, hypertension, respiratory depression, and hallucinations, and even severe limb ischemia, liver and kidney failure and death, which seriously affects human physical and mental health and public safety. New psychoactive substances of phenethylamines have drawn great attention from the international community, and the study of their pharmacological and toxicology and analysis methods has become a research hotspot in the field of forensic toxicology analysis. This article reviews the in vivo processes, sample preparation, and analysis methods of new psychoactive substances of phenethylamine, in order to provide a basis for the practice of forensic identification. Related Articles | Metrics

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Adverse Effects of Propofol and Current Status of Forensic Pathology Studies ZHOU Yuxiang 2020(6): 28-34.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.06.004 Abstract ( )   PDF (934KB) ( )   Propofol is one of the most commonly used anesthetic sedative drugs in clinical practice. It has the advantages of rapid onset of action, rapid and complete patient resuscitation, and no accumulation after continuous infusion. However, recent studies have shown that propofol may be potentially addictive, and it is associated with allergy, respiratory depression, cardiovascular disease and other adverse reactions. As the use of propofol has become more widespread, the number of deaths due to improper use of propofol has increasing. When forensic pathologists are faced with such cases, they should fully understand the related knowledge of the mechanism and adverse effects of propofol, forensic pathological changes caused by death, and propofol toxic lethality. Through searching a large number of literatures about propofol, a systematic review of the pharmacological effects, adverse effects, forensic pathological changes and toxic lethality of propofol was carried out in this paper for the reference of peers. Related Articles | Metrics

Forensic Science

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The Exploration of the Magnetic Beads Direct Adsorption Method System Establishment and Applying HAO Xiaoming 2020(6): 35-38.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.06.005 Abstract ( )   PDF (1695KB) ( )   Objective The magnetic beads direct adsorption method system was established and applied to extracting and purifying and concentrating DNA template, and inspecting supernate DNA of the mixed stain samples, providing a reference method for forensic DNA testing. Methods Constant samples of inspecting unsuccessful with the Chelex-100 method were extracted and purified with the method of magnetic beads direct adsorption another time. In addition，we inspected supernate DNA of the mixed stain samples severally with the method of magnetic beads direct adsorption and Chelex-100. Then the samples were sequentially amplified with Identifiler-Plus kit, and the STR genotyping was detected by ABI 3500 Analyzer. Results The average detection rate of STR of the 94 DNA samples template of inspecting unsuccessful with the Chelex-100 method was 92.22% after being extracted and purified with the method of magnetic beads direct adsorption, and the average detection rate of STR of 20 supernate DNA of the mixed stain samples was 100% with the method of magnetic beads direct adsorption, but only was 94.06% detected with the Chelex-100 method. Conclusion The results suggest that the method of magnetic beads direct adsorption can apply to secondary extracting and purifying and concentrating DNA template, and inspecting supernate DNA of the mixed stain samples. The method is highly significant for forensic inspection practice. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research of Tracking Dots on Color Laser Printed Documents — Take Konica Minolta mc8650 as an Example HU Ping 2020(6): 39-47.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.06.006 Abstract ( )   PDF (11942KB) ( )   Objective To study the time information contained in the print files of some models of Konica Minolta printers, find out the distribution period of the tracking dots, summarize the time code of the tracking dots, and decipher the time information of the tracking dots. Methods Using Digital SLR camera and image processing software to extract and mark the distribution period of the tracking dots, compare and analyze a large number of samples printed at different times, summarize the distribution period of the tracking dots, and decipher the time information of the tracking dots. Results It was found that the distribution period of the tracking dots on the printed documents of the Konica Minolta color laser printer was arranged in a stepped manner, totaling 16 columns and 24 rows; The time code of the tracking code follows the basic rules of base-six; The information of the year, month, day, and time corresponding to the tracking dots area is found, and the time information is deciphered. Conclusions The research shows that this method can solve the printing time of some models of Konica Minolta printers, which provides a new reference for printing document inspection. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Identification of the Forming Method of Stamp Impression Technical Principle Based on 3D Shape Profilometer and Static Voltage Tracer GUO Yuanyuan 2020(6): 48-54.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.06.007 Abstract ( )   PDF (16502KB) ( )   Objective To explore a new technique for identification of the formation of Indian seals. When microscopic examination is used to observe the phenomenon of obvious color mixing, how to comprehensively apply various inspection techniques to form the inner conviction of the formation of the seal. Methods The 3D shape profilometer test and the static voltage trace test were used. Results It was found that the laser prints had a positive difference in height, and the 3D contour image showed that the height of the printed matter was higher than the reference surface. The height difference of the inkjet printing was negative, and the 3D contour image was displayed. The height of the printed text is lower than the reference surface. Using the static voltage trace test method, the results of laser printing and inkjet printing and static voltage tracer are all white, and most of them can detect the mechanical indentation of the printer. Conclusion It is of theoretical value to explore the formation of seals from three-dimensional form, which meets the requirements of identification practice. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the Stability of Pore Features Based on AFIS ZUO Qi 2020(6): 55-59.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.06.008 Abstract ( )   PDF (5163KB) ( )   Objective To study the stability of pore features with AFIS fingerprint database. Methods By using of AFIS function of duplicate checking, the fingerprint images collected from the same person at different times are searched, and the distances and angles between pore feature and detail features in the collected fingerprint images are observed and measured. Besides，the statistics above are analyzed with the coefficient of variation and degree of deviation. Results The shape and size of the pore features vary greatly, the stability are poor, and the position of the pore features change less. The coefficient of variation of distance and angle between pore features and detail features is less than 8%, and most of the deviation is less than 9%. The position variation is in the acceptable range. Conclusion The physiological changes of pore features are far less obvious than the changes causing by different methods and pressure when collecting the fingerprint. The distribution of the pore features, which are measured referred to nearby the detail feature, remain stable at a certain physiological stage. The physiological stability of pore features provides a theoretical basis for fingerprint identification assisted by pore features. Related Articles | Metrics

Forensic Forum

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On the Improvement of the Monitoring and Evaluating System of New Psychoactive Substances in China XU Duoqi 2020(6): 60-65.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.06.009 Abstract ( )   PDF (2571KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

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The Legal Regulation of Chaos in Forensic Appraisal Service — Take the Forensic Appraisal of Cultural Relics as an Example MA Jie 2020(6): 66-69.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.06.010 Abstract ( )   PDF (940KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

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Explanation and Complement: the Logic Development of “Appraisal-Trial” Mode CHENG Junwei 2020(6): 70-73.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.06.011 Abstract ( )   PDF (947KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

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The Analysis of Non-Conformity of Forensic Appraisal/Court Scientific Institution’s New Edition CL08 Accreditation Review GAO Junwei 2020(6): 74-79.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.06.012 Abstract ( )   PDF (1542KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

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An Empirical Study on the Current Situation of Judicial Appraisal in Medical Damage Liability Disputes in Si Chuan — Based on the Sample analysis in 2019 of China Judgements Online WEI Yang 2020(6): 80-85.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.06.013 Abstract ( )   PDF (1095KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

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The Correlation Study on P300 Application and Cognitive Dysfunction after Craniocerebral Trauma ZHANG Yunge 2020(6): 86-90.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.06.014 Abstract ( )   PDF (995KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

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The Exploration of the In-depth Investigation of Traffic Accidents and the Mechanism of Judicial Appraisal Collaboration DU Xinquan 2020(6): 91-94.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.06.015 Abstract ( )   PDF (985KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

Litigation and Case Report

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Litigation and Case Report One Case of Death Appraisal of the Giant Coronary Artery Aneurysms Caused by Kawasaki Disease TAN Xiaohui 2020(6): 95-96.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.06.016 Abstract ( )   PDF (845KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

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One Case of Like “Pathological” Forensic Psychiatry Appraisal TANG Tao 2020(6): 97-99.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.06.017 Abstract ( )   PDF (832KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

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Four Cases of Medical Damage Identification of Newborn Cerebral Palsy TANG Hong 2020(6): 100-107.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2020.06.018 Abstract ( )   PDF (1234KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics