Abstract: Objective This study investigated the characteristics of relapse behavior of methamphetamine （MA） addicts, and explored the executive function characteristics of addicts at different relapse frequency, in order to to provide theoretical basis for reducing relapse rate, formulating targeted management measures and improving scientific detoxification through executive function training. Methods 145 male MA addicts were selected from a drug treatment center in Anhui Province, and their executive functions were measured by a drug use characteristics questionnaire and an executive function assessment scale. Results There were 69 patients （47.6%） who took drugs for the first time, 48 patients （33.1%） who had low relapse rate （once）, and 28 patients （19.3%） who had high relapse rate （twice or more times）. The factor scores and total scores of executive function in the low relapse group were lower than those in the first drug abuse group （P<0.05）, and lower than those in the high relapse group as well （P<0.05）. There was no correlation between relapse frequency and executive function in MA addicts （including first-time drug addicts） （P>0.05）. There was positive correlation （P<0.05） between relapse frequency and scores of executive function in relapse groups （excluding first-time drug addicts）. Conclusion The relapse behavior of MA addicts is related to executive function. The executive function scores of the first drug use group, low relapse group and high relapse group presents a “V” shape, which provides a theoretical basis for screening the possible relapse population and taking differential psychological correction measures.

Key words: methamphetamine, relapse, executive function, psychological evaluation

摘要： 目的 调查甲基苯丙胺（methamphetamine, MA）依赖者的复吸行为特征，探讨不同复吸次数依赖者的执行功能特征，为通过执行功能训练降低复吸率、制定针对性管理措施和科学戒毒提供理论依据。方法 选取安徽某戒毒所男性MA依赖者145人，采用吸毒特征调查表和执行功能评定量表测量执行功能，分析MA依赖者复吸的相关心理特征。结果 MA依赖者首次吸毒69人（47.6 %），低复吸（复吸1次）48人（33.1 %），高复吸（复吸2次及以上）28人（19.3 %）；低复吸组的执行功能因子分和总分低于首次吸毒组（P<0.05），高复吸组的执行功能因子分和总分高于低复吸组（P<0.05）；MA依赖者（包括首次吸毒者）的复吸次数与执行功能无相关性（P>0.05），复吸人群（排除首次吸毒者）的复吸次数与执行功能各因子得分均呈正相关（P<0.05）。结论 MA依赖者复吸人群的复吸行为与执行功能相关，首次吸毒、首次复吸、多次复吸的执行功能呈“V”形，为筛查可能的复吸人群和采取差异化的心理矫治措施提供理论依据。

关键词: 甲基苯丙胺, 复吸, 执行功能, 心理评估