Abstract: It is disputed domestically whether Medical Law (Health Law) is a part of civil law or administrative law. This article, based on analyzing fundamental features of medical science and medical conducts, points out that medical relations do not possess any essential qualities of a civil relation, i.e. the equality of the parties, self-autonomy, reciprocity and mutual benefit; and in medical relations, there are no administrative subject and administrative counterpart as exist in administrative relations. Therefor, the article pioneers in advocating that medical law is an independent jurisprudence which governs relations neither lateral (the civil relation) nor vertical (the administrative relation) but oblique (the medical relations). After the elaboration of the attributes of medical relations, the article reveals the unique principles and rules in settling medical disputes, which constitute guidelines to seek a fair resolution of medical disputes.

Key words: medical relations, legal attributes, unique principles

摘要： 医事法(又称卫生法)究竟是属于民法的调整范畴还是属于行政法的范畴,对此,国内学术界争议很大。本文从医学科学与医疗行为的本质特征入手,揭示了医患关系并不具备民事法律关系所必须具备的主体平等、双方自愿及等价有偿互惠互利三大特征中的任何一个特征,同时也不存在行政主体与行政相对人的关系。为此,文章首次提出了医事法既不调整横向的民事法律关系,也不调整纵向的行政法律关系,而是调整斜向的医事法律关系的一门独立的法律体系的理论。并根据医患关系的特征,得出了处理医患纠纷案件的特有原则与规则,为指导医患纠纷的公正处理,提供了理论依据。

关键词: 医患关系, 法律特征, 法律属性, 特有原则