Abstract: The paper traces the development of determination methods for dating inks from the beginning of 1920s to the end of 1990s, It mainly includes the following parts .(1) Basic requirements to setup a new examination method for dating inks; (2) Working procedures for dating inks in questioned document examination, including the differentiation of the species of writing inks, visual examination of questioned documents, and finding of comparison samples with common brand, formula (and lot number if necessary); (3) Description and evaluation of the assorted methods used now in casework, such as the sulfate diffusion method, blotting method (contact-transfer method), dye ratio method, gas chromatography, solvent extraction method, differential scanning calorimetry etc; (4) Discussion of some new techniques hopeful to be applied in dating inks, such as the electrochemical method and spectrophotometric method for fountain pen inks, and the microspectro-photometric method, Fourier Raman spectroscopy method for ball-point pen inks.

Key words: writing inks, aging, determination methods, questioned document

摘要： 本文追述了从20世纪20年代初到90年代末书写墨水的时间测定的进展。这包括,介绍新检验方法建立所需遵循的基本要求;推荐目前案件检验的工作程序,即墨水种类的确定,可疑文件的外观检验,同牌号、同配方、同批号比对样本的寻找;评述目前已为办案使用的各种书写年代测定的方法,如扩散法,转印法,染料比值法,气相色谱法、溶剂萃取法,差示扫描量热法等;以及讨论了有望用于年代测定的一些新技术,如用于钢笔墨水的电化学法,光谱法和用于圆珠笔墨水的显微分光光度法,付里叶变换拉曼光谱法等。

关键词: 书写墨水, 时间测定, 测定方法, 可疑文件