Abstract: This paper undertakes a systematic retrospective review of China’s forensic appraisal accreditation system, assessing its current practical status and delineating prospective avenues for reform. Since the implementation of the Decision on the Administration of Judicial Authentication adopted by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress in 2005, China has made remarkable progress in the standardization and legalization of forensic appraisal, providing strong support for safeguarding judicial impartiality and social fairness and justice. This paper meticulously delineates the three principal phases of the development of the forensic appraisal accreditation system: the foundational establishment phase (2005-2008), the phase of detailed refinement (2009-2015), and the phase of enhanced regulatory oversight (from 2016 to the present). It offers a profound dissection of the defining traits and the efficacy of execution in each phase. In addition, this paper addresses the challenges confronting the extant system in terms of legislative evolution, technological integration, resource alignment, and sector self-regulation, and posits tailored reformative measures: legislative foresight and innovation, the implementation of technological standardization and practical deployment, the strategic optimization of resource distribution to satisfy judicial demands, and the reinforcement of sector self-governance alongside the accreditation and recognition framework.

Key words:  forensic appraisal, forensic appraisal accreditation system, forensic appraisal reform, technological standardization, industry self-regulation

摘要： 本文系统回顾了我国司法鉴定认可制度的演进历程，审视了当前实践现状并提出了相应的改革路径。自2005年全国人大常委会通过的《关于司法鉴定管理问题的决定》实施至今，我国在司法鉴定的规范化与法制化道路上取得了长足进展，为确保司法的公正性和社会的公平正义提供了有力支撑。本文首先梳理了司法鉴定认可制度的三个主要发展阶段：制度建立期（2005—2008年）、细化发展期（2009—2015年）和监管强化期（2016年至今），并对每个阶段的核心特点与执行成效进行了深入分析。同时，针对现行制度在立法更新、技术应用、资源匹配和行业自律等方面遭遇的挑战，提出了相应的改革路径：立法层面的前瞻与创新、技术标准化与实践应用的落地、优化资源配置与满足司法需求、强化行业自治与认证认可体系。

关键词: 司法鉴定, 司法鉴定认可制度, 司法鉴定改革, 技术标准化, 行业自律