Abstract: Objective To discuss the applicability of the clause of injury identification of cervical vascular rupture according to Standard for Assessment of Human Injury Degree. Methods 256 cases of human injury involving cervical vascular rupture taken by our center from 1986 to 2020 were analyzed. Among which, 219 were forensic pathological anatomy cases and 37 were forensic clinical examination cases. The anatomical cases were statistically analyzed by SPSS 22.0 software and the clinical examination cases were re-assessed in strict accordance with Standard for Assessment of Human Injury Degree. Results There were significant differences in the lethal types, rupture sites （unilateral or bilateral） and rupture degree （complete or partial） of cervical vascular rupture. Venous rupture and arterial rupture also had significant difference. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in sex or age. Conclusion Based on clinical treatment, case demonstration and practical application, we suggest that internal carotid artery and internal jugular vein rupture should be defined as grade II serious injury, external carotid artery rupture should be defined as grade I minor injury, and external jugular vein and vertebral artery rupture should be defined as grade II minor injury.

Key words: forensic medicine, common carotid artery, fisher exact test, internal jugular vein, assessment of human injury degree

摘要： 目的 探讨依据《人体损伤程度鉴定标准》进行颈部血管破裂伤伤情鉴定时的条款适用。方法 收集本鉴定中心于1986—2020年期间受理的256例涉及颈部血管破裂的伤情鉴定案例（219例行法医病理解剖，37例行法医临床检验），解剖案例采用SPSS22.0软件进行统计学分析，验伤案例则严格依据《人体损伤程度鉴定标准》重新确定条款适用。结果 颈部血管破裂致死类型及其破裂部位（单、双侧）、破裂程度（完全或部分）的差异具有统计学意义，静脉破裂与动脉破裂之间的差异具有统计学意义，而性别、年龄的差异则无统计学意义。结论 综合临床救治、案例实证、应用实践分析，建议颈内动脉、颈内静脉破裂评定为重伤二级，颈外动脉破裂评定为轻伤一级，颈外静脉、椎动脉破裂评定为轻伤二级。

关键词: 法医学, 颈总动脉, fisher精确检验, 颈内静脉, 人体损伤程度鉴定