Abstract: Traffic accidents are the results of violent collision between humans,vehicles and road within a very short period of time.Investigation of traffic accidents is guided by the standard of GA41.In the study,200 traffic accidents involving collision between vehicles and humans(pedestrians,cyclists and motorcyclists) were reviewed,focusing on trace evidence at scenes,such as relative positions of human bodies,vehicles and road,braking impressions,vehicle speed,impact position,and injury characters of human bodies。Parameters,which are obtainable and calculable, and helpful for the reconstruction of traffic accident scenes, were explored;and the setup of a parameter system for computer simulation was tried.It is hoped that the result could be used for reference for future studies.

Key words: traffic accident, human out of vehicle, trace evidence at scene, parameter system

摘要： 道路交通事故的发生是人、车、道路等因素综合作用的结果,碰撞过程中,三者之间在极短的时间内发生了强烈的相互作用,如制动、碰撞、损伤产生等。事故发生后,根据国家GA41-2005《道路交通事故痕迹物证勘验》标准规定,交通事故现场痕迹包括路面痕迹、车体痕迹、人体痕迹、其它痕迹等勘验是确定交通事故责任和成因的主要依据。本文研究中通过对200起车外无防御能力的道路使用者(行人、自行车、三轮车、摩托车)与汽车碰撞事故现场痕迹,如人-车-道路位置,车辆的制动印痕、行驶速度、碰撞痕迹,人体致伤特点等各种客观的信息参数,寻找易于提取、利于计算分析、有助于事故重建的现场痕迹参数特点,以此建立起基于现场痕迹信息综合处理的事故再现参数体系,为后续重建交通事故碰撞过程研究提供参考依据。

关键词: 交通事故, 车外人员, 现场痕迹, 参数体系