主管:中华人民共和国司法部
主办:司法鉴定科学研究院
ISSN 1671-2072  CN 31-1863/N

中国司法鉴定 ›› 2024 ›› Issue (5): 50-58.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2024.05.007

• 鉴定综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

血痕时序性研究进展

韦铭菲1,2,吕晓瑜3,马秀伟3,史俊展1,秦豪杰1,李  凡1   

  1. 1.河南科技大学 基础医学与法医学院,河南 洛阳 471023; 2.洛阳东都医院,河南 洛阳 471002;
    3.洛阳市公安局洛龙分局,河南 洛阳 471023
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-01 出版日期:2024-09-15 发布日期:2024-11-28
  • 通讯作者: 李凡(1964—),男,教授,博士,主要从事法医学、司法鉴定研究。E-mail:fanlfy@haust.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:韦铭菲(1998—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事法医病理学研究。E-mail:764261816@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    河南科技大学博士科研启动基金项目

Research Progress on Time Series of Blood Stain

WEI Mingfei1,2, LÜ Xiaoyu3, MA Xiuwei3, SHI Junzhan1, QIN Haojie1, LI Fan1   

  1. 1. School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, 
    Luoyang 471023, China; 2. Luoyang Dongdu Hospital, Luoyang 471002, China; 
    3. Luolong Branch of Luoyang Public Security Bureau, Luoyang 471023, China
  • Received:2023-11-01 Published:2024-09-15 Online:2024-11-28

摘要: 血痕是案件调查中出现频率最高、信息存储最为丰富的痕迹物证,是破案需要获取的关键物证。刑事技术人员通过对现场遗留血痕的物理形态和化学特征的观察分析,能够部分还原出犯罪过程、作案工具等,为缩小侦查范围、分析案情提供不可替代的作用。由于不同组织载体上的血痕会随时间的延长呈现规律性的变化,同时血痕在不同载体上、不同稀释方式及浓度等影响因素中的表现形式不同,故对血痕的检测、血痕与其他体液辨别以及血痕形成时间的预测推断等一直是案件侦破极其重要的研究方向。通过综述近年来基于直接观察法、生物化学法、光学法、颜色指标量化法等技术对血痕检测的研究进展,以期为法医现场实践与科学研究提供参考。

关键词: 法医病理学, 血痕, 色差仪, 时间推断

Abstract: Blood stain is the trace evidence with the highest frequency of encountered and the richest information, and it is the key evidence needed to solve the case. By observing and analyzing the physical form and chemical characteristics of the blood stain left on the scene, investigators can partially restore the criminal process and tools, which provides an irreplaceable role for narrowing the scope of investigation and analyzing the case. The characteristics of the blood stains on different tissue carriers will change regularly with the passage of time, and even at the same exposure time, the blood stains on different carriers have different manifestations in different dilution methods and concentrations. Therefore, the detection of blood stains, the discrimination between blood stains and other body fluids, and the prediction and inference of the formation time of blood stains have always been extremely important research directions in case investigation. In this paper, the research progress of blood trace detection based on direct observation, biochemical method, optical visualization method, colorimetric quantification method and so on in recent years is reviewed, in order to provide reference for forensic practice and research.

Key words: forensic pathology, blood stain, colorimeter, time inference

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