关键词: 笔迹鉴定, 鉴定意见, 非确定性鉴定意见

Abstract: In China, there are still cognitive biases on non-determinative handwriting apppraisal opinions, including negating their scientific integrity, attributing insufficient professional competence to the appraisers, and locating the reference function of the opinion, which leads to multifaceted conflicts, mostly between appraisal standards and judicial rules and those of perception within the judiciary. The causes of these biases stem from both misconceptions about the appraisers themselves and resistance to the inherent nature of non-determinative opinions. Some foreign countries have initially constructed handwriting opinion expression systems based on the logical basis of non-certainty, and they have also experienced the understanding of the differences that we face today. By analyzing the construction process of their handwriting opinion expression systems, we can get reference to develop a more scientific handwriting opinion expression system.Based on the above analyses, this paper proposes to adjust the expression system of handwriting opinions to adapt to reality in our country, focusing on clarifying the status of evidence, adjusting the elements of the expert opinions, and improving the technical standards, through the integration of technical and legal perspectives.

Key words: handwriting appraisal, appraisal opinion, non-determinative appraisal opinion