Archive

2011 Issue 1 (Total No. 0)
Published: 15 January 2011 Previous Issue    Next Issue

---

For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX

Toggle Thumbnails

Select

Rethought on Building the Forensic Appraisal System with Chinese Characteristics HUO Xian-dan, GUO Hua 2011(1): 1-6.  Abstract ( )   PDF (924KB) ( )   Through the past 5 years’ exploring and practicing， the forensic appraisal system reform has achieved significant progress in the system construction， proficiency improvement and quality assurance. Never the less， the inappropriate understanding of forensic appraisal， unbalanced development of the system and unreasonable power allocation still have profound influence on the uniform management of forensic appraisal. In the course of deepening the forensic appraisal system reform， we should reduce such influence and absorb useful practice experiences， then gradually build the forensic appraisal system with Chinese characteristics. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Basis for Establishment of the Forensic Appraisal System and the Focus on Reform Thereof GU Yong-zhong 2011(1): 7-12.  Abstract ( )   PDF (847KB) ( )   The “Decision” has already been implemented for five years. Generally speaking， its effect is positive， but there still exists some inadequateness. The “Decision” almost closes the door for government capital to enter the forensic appraisal field， except for keeping the forensic appraisal institutions affiliated to investigation organs. This needs to be reviewed. To establish a forensic appraisal system， there are four aspects to be considered： the essential nature of the forensic appraisal institutions， features of various litigation activities， situations of different countries， and experience and lessons of the developed countries. Looking from these aspects， we should include forensic appraisal institutions established and funded by the government in our forensic appraisal system. Such institutions， as well as forensic appraisal institutions affiliated to investigation organs and social forensic appraisal institutions， with their own assignments and particular emphasis， will jointly take on the responsibility of forensic appraisal in our country. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

On Improving the Scheme of Challenge in China’s Forensic Appraisal System XU Ai－dong 2011(1): 13-17.  Abstract ( )   PDF (713KB) ( )   The scheme of challenge in forensic appraisal is important to ensure a fair system of forensic appraisal. The scheme of challenge should be an open one which can adapt to the reality. The existing legislative provisions on challenge in forensic appraisal have some defects in the text. The circumstances and procedures of challenge should be regulated according to the practical situations and under the guiding principles of justice and efficiency. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Perfection of the Selection Procedure of Forensic Appraisal Institutions in Civil Litigations LI Xin, CHANG Lin 2011(1): 18-22.  Abstract ( )   PDF (746KB) ( )   In civil litigations， the parties’ agreement， the court’s designation and “balloting” operated by the court are the main approaches to select forensic appraisal institutions. Because procedures are designed for certain purpose and value， from the perspective both of practice and value， the anticipated results of the above approaches by the legislature have not been realized for they can not cope with the complicated reality. Integrating the selecting approaches is the most convenient way to solve the present problems in civil litigations.   Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Determination of 2， 4-D Butyl Ester in Blood and Urine by HPLC LIU Xiao-min, LIAO Lin-chuan, YAN You-yi, YANG Lin, SHENG Xin, ZHONG Ying-jia 2011(1): 23-25.  Abstract ( )   PDF (956KB) ( )   Objective To establish a HPLC method for determination of 2，4-D butyl ester in blood and urine. Methods Compound was extracted from blood and urine using ethyl acetate. Separation was achieved on Zorbax SB-Aq column using methanol-water（60 ∶ 40） as mobile phase. Results The calibration curve of 2，4-D butyl ester ranged from 0.10 μg/mL to 10.00 μg/mL in blood （ r ≥0. 999 8） and 0.08 μg/mL to 8.00 μg/mL in urine （r≥0.999 5）， respectively. The limits of detection for the analyte was 0.002 0 μg/mL and 0.001 8 μg/mL in blood and urine， respectively. The intra and inter day assay precision were no more than 4.5%. The mean recovery ranged from 94.5% to 104.5%. Conclusions The pre-treatment and HPLC analysis of 2，4-D butyl ester in blood and urine can be used for rapid diagnosis of 2，4-D butyl ester poisoning and forensic identification of 2，4-D butyl ester poisoning death. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Influence of Formalin Fixation on ICP-MS Detection of Metal Elements in Skin in Electric Injury ZHANG Jian-hua, CHEN Yuan-yuan, MA Dong, LI Li, CHEN Yi-jiu 2011(1): 26-29.  Abstract ( )   PDF (492KB) ( )   Objective To detect metal elements in skin in electric injury by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS） after fixed by formalin. Methods Brass and iron were used as electrodes to make electrical marks on rabbit hind limbs （220v AC）， and the injured skin was fixed in formalin for 1 week or 6 months separately. ICP-MS was applied to detect metal elements in the injured skin. Results Compared with the control group， the levels of chromium， nickel， copper， zinc and lead were higher in the group of brass shock， and these elements were still detected in the injured skin fixed for 1 week or 6 months by formalin. Furthermore， the chromium， copper， zinc and lead concentrations showed no significant difference between the instant injured group and the fixed group. Compared with the control group， the levels of chromium， manganese and nickel were higher in the group of iron shock. Iron， chromium and nickel concentrations showed no significant difference between the instant injured group and the fixed group. Conclusion  ICP-MS can be used as an effective tool to detect electric injury. After formalin fixation for as long as 6 months， deposited metal elements can still be detected in the injured skin and the fixation showed little effect on the levels of metal elements in the skin. Therefore， formalin fixed skin can provide evidence for electric injuries. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Framework for Certification of Forensic Professionals HE Xiao-dan, WU He-jian, SHEN Min 2011(1): 34-38.  Abstract ( )   PDF (731KB) ( )   After analyzing the problems in the certification management of forensic professionals and taking for reference the managing modes of relevant professions， a framework for certification of forensic professionals is proposed with the guide of the international standard of ISO/IEC 17024. The framework combines the professional certification with professional qualification， applies qualification examination and proficiency testing as the main evaluating methods， and works under the current legal system and management models. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Construction of Maritime Forensic Appraisal Institutions ——in View of Establishing Shanghai as the International Maritime Centre SHEN Zhen-yi 2011(1): 39-43.  Abstract ( )   PDF (748KB) ( )   The number of cases relating to maritime affairs is increasing in recent years. In these cases， factum probandum relates to professional knowledge and needs to be identified and judged with scientific evidence. According to the rules of international law and international practice， it is essential to set up professional maritime forensic appraisal institutions for judicial practice in maritime cases. Constructing and improving maritime forensic appraisal institutions are significant in regulating the maritime appraisal market， protecting the interests of the parties， safeguarding the legal system construction， promoting maritime case hearing and establishing the international maritime centre in Shanghai. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Interpretation of Forensic Toxicological Results（Ⅰ） XIANG Ping, SHEN Min 2011(1): 44-48.  Abstract ( )   PDF (748KB) ( )   Forensic toxicology concerns the analysis of biological specimens for the presence of drugs and poisons to determine what role the detected substances play in death or impairment of human performance. The interpretation of the results is the ultimate purpose of forensic toxicology. Modern forensic toxicology consists of three major areas： post-mortem forensic toxicology， forensic urine drug testing， human-performance forensic toxicology. This article discusses various factors that enter into the interpretation process in each area. The results must be interpreted with caution. Apart from the measured concentrations， many affecting factors like data from autopsy and investigation， drug toxicity， types of biosamples， pharmacokinetics， redistribution， and drug interactions should be taken into full consideration so that accurate result interpretations could be achived in cases. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research on the Standard System of Electronic Data Examination JIN Bo, HUANG Dao-li, XIA Rong 2011(1): 49-52.  Abstract ( )   PDF (725KB) ( )   Taking into considerration of the practice of electronic data examination and the management requirement of electronic data examination laboratories， this paper reviewed the current status of electronic data examination standardization at home and abroad， and proposed an overall framework of the electronic data examination standard system and its composition. The key technical problems in standard development were also discussed. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Developing Latent Fingerprints on Wet Surfaces by CdSe Mercaptoacetic Acid YANG Rui-qin, WANG Chao 2011(1): 53-55.  Abstract ( )   PDF (2733KB) ( )   Objective To establish a method for developing latent fingerprints on wet surfaces. Methods CdSe mercapto acetic acid was used to develop latent fingerprint on wet and nonporous surfaces such as yellow sealing tape， black plastic bag， glass and so forth. The impact factors in developing fingerprints on these objects were discussed and the effects between the traditional method and CdSe materials were comparied. Results Carboxyl encapsulated nano materials enhanced the reaction activity between CdSe and fingerprint residues. So clear and high resolution fingerprint images could be got easily. Conclusion Latent fingerprints on wet and nonporous surfaces could be developed by CdSe mercaptoacetic acid. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Traces of Assembling after Dismantling ZHANG Ming-hui, SHEN Hong-bin 2011(1): 56-58.  Abstract ( )   PDF (398KB) ( )   Based on real case studies， this paper proposed the concept of traces of assembling after dismantling. The characteristics of such traces left on units of different assembling combinations and the key points of their examination were summarized and illustrated by successful case applications. The attention points in examination were also discussed. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Investigation in Technical Appraisal of Medical Malpractice LI Li 2011(1): 59-61.  Abstract ( )   PDF (486KB) ( )   Investigation， which is a crucial process in technical appraisal of medical malpractice， plays an important role in clarifying facts， guaranteeing scientific conclusions， solving disputes and relieving social contradiction. However， for various reasons， investigation in technical appraisal of medical malpractice sometimes is not admitted by judicial organs. It is suggested that more attention be paid to the investigation process， focusing its standardization， prcocedure and effectiveness， so as to to promote the investigation quality and secure the credibility of technical appraisal. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Typical Problems of Present Theoretical Research of Forensic Accounting YANG Wei-zhong 2011(1): 62-64.  Abstract ( )   PDF (473KB) ( )   Our forensic accounting theory， which started from procuratorial organs， focuses more on audit practice. It does not have an obvious boundary and is easily mixed up with other relevant theories. It often takes the surface as the nature， the individual as the general， and mixes the abstract with the detail. Considering these problems， we should carry out our research in the principle of being clear rather that vague， being small rather that big， being simple rather than complex， being wide rather than narrow and being practical rather than ideological. Related Articles | Metrics