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2011 Issue 3 (Total No. 0)
Published: 15 May 2011 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Issues on the Improvement of Forensic Appraisal System in the Criminal Procedure Law DＡＩ Ｙu-zhong 2011(3): 9-13.  Abstract ( )   PDF (684KB) ( )   The improvement of forensic appraisal system is a hot topic in the amendment of the Criminal Procedure Law. The major problems relating to the amendment of the Criminal Procedure Law include the selection of the appraisal model， the position of appraisal in the Criminal Procedure Law， the legal status and liability of the appraisal expert， the revision of  appraisal conclusion， and mental illness. Related Articles | Metrics

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Problems and Analysis of the Legal Aid System in Forensic Appraisal WANG Yue, YI Min, CHEN Ru-chao 2011(3): 14-20.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1054KB) ( )   Since the adoption of Sichuan Province Interim Regulation on Legal Aid in Forensic Appraisal on July 21， 2006， many provinces， cities and counties have issued rules regulating legal aid in forensic appraisal. We collected and analyzed 12 local regulations in this field. Although most of them listed the purposes， subjects and conditions， procedures of legal aid and the rights and liabilities of appraisers， many important issues were ignored. It is necessary to study these local regulations before national legislating on the legal aid in forensic appraisal. Related Articles | Metrics

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On the Problems and Solutions of the Cross-examination Procedure of Forensic Appraisal ZHAO Chang-jiang 2011(3): 21-25.  Abstract ( )   PDF (732KB) ( )   No remarkable changes have taken place in cross-examination of forensic appraisal since the implementation of the “Decision on the Administration of Forensic Appraisal”. The problems still remain where appraisers do not appear in court and the cross-examination is merely a formality. From a macroscopic view， it is a problem of the procedure system； from a microscopic view， it arises from the defects of the cross-examination system. To resolve these problems， the system of discovery and cross-examination should be built in the litigation procedure. The compulsory appearance with clear unfavorable consequences against challenged for key appraisal opinions， the rules of cross-examination， and the expert assistant system should also be established in law. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Improvement of Maritime Forensic Appraisal — Ｗith Case Analysis as Research Approach WANG Pei, LI Wei３ 2011(3): 26-30.  Abstract ( )   PDF (885KB) ( )   With the development of forensic appraisal， the specialty of maritime appraisal becomes outstanding. With the analysis of cases such as ship collision and touch， sea pollution， ship damage and goods damage， we can see the important role of maritime appraisal in maritime litigation. Therefore， relevant institutions should improve the maritime appraisal system and let it play its role in ascertaining facts with objective and scientific basis and settleing maritime disputes and cases properly， so as to realize the goal of “making ocean cleaner and transportation safer”. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Organic Solvent in Heroin NI Chun-fang, GONG Fei-jun, ZHANG Run-sheng, ZHANG Yu-rong, WANG Wei 2011(3): 31-35.  Abstract ( )   PDF (557KB) ( )   Objective To establish a method for the analysis of organic solvent residues in solid heroin by HS-GC/FID and HS-GC/MS. Methods Forty two samples which had been treated with dry or wet method， were sealed， then heated and shaken at 90℃ for 20 min. The headspace gas was detected by GC/FID （DB-WAX， 30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm） and GC/MS （HP-5 MS， 30 m × 0.25 mm× 0.25 μm）. The qualitative analysis was performed with the help of 17 known solvents references used as external standards. The quantitative analysis of 5 mutual solvents was performed by adding water to the samples and measuring the corresponding peak height. Results Twelve organic solvents were found in 42 samples， e.g. acetic acid， diethyl ether， ethanol， ethyl acetate， acetaldehyde， chloroform， etc. The relative amount of 5 mutual residual solvents in those samples was different from one another. Conclusion This method is rapid， convenient and reliable. The analysis results of 42 samples could be informative in the heroin source and lots investigation. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Development of Latent Fingerprints on Adhesive Tape by Water-soluble Fluorescent ZnSe/MPA with Cd Quantum Dots WANG Ke, YANG Ru-iqin, XIA Bin-bin, XIONG Hai 2011(3): 36-39.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1250KB) ( )   Objective To explore a method using water-soluble ZnxCd（1-x）Se with quantum dots as the reagent to develop latent fingerprints on adhesive tapes. Methods ZnxCd（1-x）Se were synthesized with mercaptopropionic acid （MPA） used as the modifier. The fingerprints on water immersed tape and peeled tape were developed by ZnxCd（1-x）Se， and the developed fingerprints were fixed by photographing under 365nm. Results The fingerprints on water immersed tape and peeled tape can be clearly developed into fluent images with obvious details. Conclusions Compared with traditional methods， this method is more effective for developing latent fingerprints， and has a good prospect for application in forensic science. Related Articles | Metrics

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Some Theoretical Issues of Handwriting Comparison CHENG Jun-wei 2011(3): 44-48.  Abstract ( )   PDF (656KB) ( )   Theory is derived from practice and practice is directed by theory. Issues of the connotation of handwriting comparison， the subject of identification， the scientific basis of comparison and scientifical expression of expert conclusions， are all within the theoretic research scope of handwriting comparison. Deep studies on these theoretic issues have important meanings to improve the quality of handwriting comparison and to ensure the highly synchronization between scientific reliability and reliance of handwriting comparison. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Pen Movement in Handwriting Comparison WANG Yong 2011(3): 49-53.  Abstract ( )   PDF (657KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

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Electronic Evidence Acquisition from MongoDB WU Miao, NI Li-Shun 2011(3): 54-55.  Abstract ( )   PDF (819KB) ( )   forensic computer technology； electronic evidence； MongoDB Related Articles | Metrics

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Cases Analysis on Medical malpractice Induced by Violation of Inform Obligation ZHU Guang-you 2011(3): 56-58.  Abstract ( )   PDF (442KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of 100 Disability Assesment Cases with Changed Conclusions in Re-assesment ZHANG Xiao-tong, ZHAO Zi-qin, WANG Yun-Jie 2011(3): 59-62.  Abstract ( )   PDF (545KB) ( )   Objective To analyze problems of disability assesment in road traffic accidents， and explore ways to improve assesment quality. Methods 100 disability assesment cases which were re-examined in Shanghai Forensic Science Center in 2009-2010 and ended in changing conclusions were analyzed. Results The main causes leading to the changing of conclusion are improper assessment timing， incorrect forensic clinical examination method， imcomplete forensic clinical examination， misreading of iconography film， wrong adoption of standard provisions， errorous calcutation of limb disability grade， examiners’ altitude and some others. Conclusion To correct the problems mentioned above， stricter discipline in administration and profession should be executed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Autosomal STR and X-STR Markers for Paternity Testing of Special Duos SHAO Wei-bo, LI Li, LIU Yan, ZHAO Zhen-min, LIN Yuan 2011(3): 63-65.  Abstract ( )   PDF (410KB) ( )   Objective Strategies for special duos paternity testing were explored through combination detection of autosomal STR with X-chromosomal STR loci. Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from six blood stain samples from three duos cases numbered 1，2 and 3 respectively. Thirty nine autosomal STR loci were genotyped by Goldeneye 20A kit and AGCU21+1 kits， and sixteen X-chromosomal STR loci were simultaneously genotyped by in-house amplification system. Results One contradictory locus in each case appeared through genotyping by Goldeneye 20A kit. When the total number of detected STR loci were increased to thirty nine， three contradictory loci were found in case No.1， so it was excluded that the father was the biological father. There was no new contradictory locus in case No.2 and case No.3. X-STR genotyping results showed that there were 8 contradictory loci in case No.1， and no contradictory locus in case No.2 and No.3. So the X-STR typing results were consistent with the autosomal STRs results. Conclusions To special duos cases with only one locus mismatch， combination typing of new autosomal STRs and X-chromosomal STRs can be an effective way to make the identification conclusion reliable. Related Articles | Metrics

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Forensic Analysis and Investigation Application of Y-STR LI Xing-feng, JIANG Juan, XIE Heng-zhi, SHAN Hua-xin, LIU Zhi-fang 2011(3): 66-69.  Abstract ( )   PDF (636KB) ( )   The human Y Chromosome has unique genetic characteristics. The genetic information on Y chromosome of a male must inherit from his father， which is similar to the way we get our family name， so the STR loci on Y chromosome is also called “famaily gene”. Combining the Y-STR analysis technique in the view of “family name gene” with detective methods， would strenthen forenisc medical analysis and narrow the investigation scale， making us take the initiative in investigation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of P300 Psychological Testing Procedures LIU Cai 2011(3): 70-73.  Abstract ( )   PDF (568KB) ( )   P300 has the property of stable wave and constant latency， and can be extracted from EEG by superposition. P300 psychological testing is an important supplement to traditional psychological testing technology as it can detect the changes of nerve electricity in advanced cognitive activities and thus becomes a window for peeping psychological activities. In practice， it is necessary to follow basic laws of psychological testing， operate strictly according to scientific procedures， prepare carefully for testing stimulus， pass on guidelines before testing， conduct standard software and hardware operations， and analyze the testing results objectively. Related Articles | Metrics

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Some Thoughts on Eliminating Multiple and Repeated Appraisals —Discussion on Regulating Forensic Accounting from Two Expert Opinions TU Wen-hong 2011(3): 74-75.  Abstract ( )   PDF (403KB) ( )   Because of faulty forensic accounting appraisal， wrong judgment， long-trial with no decision， surpassing trial period occurs frequently. This seriously affects the fairness and seriousness of judicature. In the paper， two appraisal cases are illustrated， where the difference of the two opinions is 30 million Yuan. The current status of forensic accounting appraisal is analyzed and suggestions are given to regulate the forensic accounting appraisal system. Related Articles | Metrics