Abstract: Objective To identify distinguishing characteristics between colored fingerprints produced by fingerprint stamps or silicone molds and those made by real fingers, and to provide a reference for accurate authentication of highly simulated forged fingerprints. Methods A combined approach incorporating morphological analysis, ninhydrin fuming, and electrostatic indentation was adopted to compare the features of colored fingerprints imprinted by fingerprint stamps, silicone molds, and real fingers under different development conditions. Results Significant characteristic differences were observed between forged fingerprints (from stamps or silicone molds) and genuine fingerprints across all three development methods: direct morphology, ninhydrin fuming, and indentation development. Conclusion Under certain conditions, the established method can effectively identify highly simulated fingerprints formed by fingerprint stamps, providing a practical technical solution for forensic institutions with limited resources. However, its effectiveness is limited in distinguishing fingerprints produced by silicone molds.

Key words: silicone fingerprint, fingerprint stamp, fingerprint development,  , indentation development, highly simulated fingerprint

摘要： 目的 探究由指纹章和硅胶指纹膜形成的有色指印与真实指印的差异点，为准确鉴别高仿有色指印提供思路。方法 采用基于形态学、茚三酮熏显法及压痕显影法的综合检验方法，比较由指纹章和硅胶指纹膜形成的有色指印与真实指印在不同显现方法下的差异点。结果指纹章和硅胶指纹膜形成的有色指印与真实指印在形态学、茚三酮熏显法及压痕显影法三种显现方式下存在明显特征差异点。结论 在一定条件下，通过形态学检验、压痕显影以及茚三酮熏显显现方法，能够有效鉴别指纹章形成的高仿有色指印，为资源有限的鉴定机构提供了一种实用的技术解决方案。然而，该方法对硅胶指纹膜形成的有色指印鉴别效果有限。

关键词:  , 硅胶指印, 指纹章, 指印显现, 压痕显现, 高仿指印